A walkthrough of the app and your account. The common questions come first; the full reference follows, with its contents beside it.
Buy Roundout from the pricing page. Checkout runs through Paddle.
Receive a receipt email and a second email with your licence key. The key is also in PortalLicences when you sign in.
Download the latest installer from PortalDownloads.
Install: Roundout goes into C:\Program Files\Roundout. Nothing is copied into MSFS itself; Roundout runs as a standalone Windows app.
Activate: launch Roundout, paste your key, name the PC and click Activate.
Open the pricing page and click Buy Roundout. If you're not signed in, the buy page first creates your account (or signs you in) and confirms your email with a 6-digit code, so the order links to your account. The price includes tax or VAT in most countries. In a few it's added, and the checkout shows it before you pay. Paddle handles the card or PayPal payment and emails you the receipt, with the tax or VAT for your country on it. Once Paddle confirms the payment, your licence is issued and a second email goes out with the key.
Sign in to the customer portal, open PortalDownloads, grab the latest installer, and run it. The installer:
C:\Program Files\Roundout, which needs administrator rights. You can change the folder when you first install, and an update from FLARE stays in the folder FLARE used.Roundout.exe, so Task Manager and the Start menu say Roundout. A small FLARE.App.exe beside it only opens Roundout from old shortcuts.The installer, Roundout-Setup- followed by the version, is signed by Roundout Company, so Windows names us as the publisher. For a brand-new release Windows SmartScreen may still ask before running it; choose More infoRun anyway. You can also check the file against the checksum on the Downloads page.
Apart from that optional start-up entry, Roundout adds nothing to MSFS. It runs as a separate Windows app and talks to the sim through Microsoft's SimConnect SDK. No Community-folder add-ons, no Marketplace install.
Roundout checks for a new version when it starts and every few hours while it runs. When there is one, a banner at the top of the window offers it. Click Update now and Roundout downloads it in the background and checks it against its checksum. When the download finishes, click Install now: Roundout closes, installs the update and opens again. Your licence, settings, desktop shortcut and landings (under %LOCALAPPDATA%\Roundout) stay exactly as they are. Install now waits while you are landing or taking off.
Nothing to move by hand if you updated from FLARE. The first start of Roundout moves your licence, landings, settings, navdata and logs from %LOCALAPPDATA%\FLARE to %LOCALAPPDATA%\Roundout by itself.
Remind me later hides the banner until Roundout next starts. To check at any time, open SettingsHelp and updates and click Check for Roundout updates. The version you're running is shown there.
Your key looks like ROUND-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX. Keys that start with FLARE- work just the same: every key sold before the new name, keys bought from a reseller, and the keys that later replace them. Paste it into the activation window. Capitals, spaces, line breaks and dashes don't matter. The key never uses the look-alike letters I, L, O and U, so if you type one of them by mistake (O for 0, I or L for 1, U for V), Roundout reads it as the right character when you click Activate.
Give the PC a name you will know it by, for example Sim rig (left empty, it is called “PC activated” and the date), and click Activate. If activation fails, see Activation errors below.
A key that isn't linked to an account yet, such as one bought from a reseller, has to be claimed first: Roundout says Claim this licence first. Click Open the claim page, sign in or make your account, then click I have claimed it, try again.
A standalone Windows window, not a sim add-on. It talks to MSFS 2024 over Microsoft's SimConnect SDK and runs in user space, with no kernel hooks. Two jobs: capture and grade landings, and (unless you turn it off) sync them to your account.
The window works well on a second monitor, and you don't need one. It never competes with MSFS for cockpit real estate, so your EFB, panels and views inside the sim stay untouched. It shows live data while you fly. As you roll out after touchdown, the score card you chose opens over the sim with your grade: see the score card for the choices, and for Off. The full breakdown is in the Landing report.
The menu along the top of the window holds every page: Overview, Landing report, Live data, Landing history, Statistics, Achievements and Settings. Its right end shows whether Roundout is connected to MSFS 2024. Make the window larger and each page uses the room. Any text that's cut short shows whole when you hold the pointer over it.
Every touchdown is detected automatically. No button to press. For each landing, Roundout captures:
Each landing is graded A+ to F. Sub-scores cover descent rate, G-force, centerline accuracy, touchdown-zone position, approach stability and sideslip, with bounce and tail-strike penalties and a crosswind bonus. Thresholds adjust by aircraft type: a 737 isn't expected to land like a Cessna. The full breakdown is in landing scoring and the aircraft profiles catalog below.
The page for one landing. When the rollout ends the window moves to the landing you just flew, ready when you switch back. View details on a card, or a row in Landing history, opens any other.
Documents\Roundout, with Open folder beside the answer.
Roundout figures out which runway you landed on through a four-tier fallback, so missing MSFS data doesn't silently turn into a free score:
The sim's airport data. Roundout asks MSFS for the runway geometry at the airport you're lined up with on final, and again at touchdown, and matches your touchdown to it. Because this is the runway exactly as the sim renders it, centerline and touchdown distances stay accurate even at airports where public map data disagrees with MSFS scenery.
The sim's ATC. When the sim's airport data doesn't cover your touchdown, Roundout uses the runway ATC has active, but only if you actually flew along it. ATC names its active runway wherever you are, so a runway you crossed or set down beside isn't used. MSFS measures ATC's touchdown distance from its aiming point rather than the threshold, so Roundout measures that distance on the runway from its bundled airport database instead, or leaves it unscored.
Position and navdata. Failing both, Roundout looks up the runway by your touchdown position in the airport database it ships with, built from OurAirports' public-domain data: over 72,000 airports, heliports and seaplane bases, and around 15,500 runways.
Not identified. When everything misses (fictional MSFS sceneries, genuine off-airport landings), centerline and touchdown zone are excluded from the weighted total rather than awarded a free 100. The same goes for a touchdown that clearly wasn't on the runway, like a helicopter on a pad beside it or a floatplane on the water. Honest grades over inflated ones.
In the Landing report, Runway from (under Where the wheels touched) names the source: The sim's airport data, The sim's ATC, Position and navdata, or Not identified, so you always know how the runway was identified. Parallel-runway suffixes (15L or 15R) come from MSFS when it shares them and from the navdata otherwise, so a touchdown that MSFS reports as just “15” gets the correct side.
Roundout checks for a fresh airport database once a day, when you launch the app. SettingsDataNavData shows the current version, the count of airports (without the heliports and seaplane bases), the magnetic model in use and when it last checked, and Check for NavData updates looks for a newer one right away. No internet connection is needed in flight; the lookup always runs against the local copy.
When you set down at a heliport or a seaplane base where no runway matches, Roundout records it, and the landing page in your portal shows a chip: Heliport landing or Water landing. Useful when a touchdown off the runways would otherwise look like a normal landing in the logbook.
Every landing is saved on your PC, in a file of yours under %LOCALAPPDATA%\Roundout, including the ones you fly offline. Landing history lists them newest first, 50 to a page, and filters by aircraft, airport, grade and dates; click one to open it in the Landing report. Order also sorts them oldest first or by highest score. Export CSV and Export JSON in SettingsData save every landing on the PC in one file in Documents\Roundout (roundout-landings- followed by the date and time), and Raw data in the Landing report saves one landing there with its approach trace (roundout-landing- files).
Roundout never deletes the database by itself, but the uninstaller asks what to remove and has everything ticked by default. To keep your landings on the PC, untick Remove everything (complete uninstall), then untick Landing history. Landings already synced stay in your account either way.
Once Roundout is activated, each landing uploads to your private account by itself shortly after the flight. If it can't (you're offline, say), Roundout retries at startup and every few minutes, less often while it can't get through. After a failed upload the next one sends less at a time and builds back up, so one very long recording can't hold up the landings flown after it. Sync now in SettingsAccount and licence sends them straight away.
Sync also runs the other way. Download my landings, in the same place, pulls everything in your account down onto this PC, which is how you fill a second PC or recover after a Windows reinstall. Landings already on the PC are matched and skipped rather than duplicated. A landing downloaded this way comes without its approach trace. When you open it in the Landing report, Roundout gets the trace from your account, so the approach chart, the comparison and Raw data then work on this PC too. If your account can't be reached just then, the report stays without it and Roundout asks again the next time it runs.
If you activate this PC with a licence on a different account, Roundout tells you the landings on it belong to the earlier account. They stay out of your new account either way: Keep them to see them in this app's history and statistics, or Clear landings from this PC to start an empty logbook.
Deletions travel in both directions too. Deleting a landing in the desktop app removes it from your account (so the PC has to be online), and deleting one in the portal removes it from every PC the next time each syncs.
Sync is on by default. To turn it off, open PortalSettingsAccount and switch off Sync landings to Roundout. It takes effect immediately, and your landings keep being saved on your PC. Landings already synced stay in your account until you delete them. With sync off, uploads and downloads are both refused, so “Download my landings” will not work until you turn it back on. Deletions still go through.
As you roll out after touchdown, a score card opens over the sim with your grade, then closes by itself. There are four cards to choose from, or Off. To choose, open SettingsGeneral, pick one in Score card after each landing, under After each landing, and click Save settings. The detailed card is the default.
| Choice | What it shows | Closes after |
|---|---|---|
| The detailed card | Your grade and score, the coach's top note, the descent rate against your aircraft's target, the other five readings, where and in what, View details and Share | About 30 seconds |
| The short card | Your grade and score, the descent rate and G-force, where and in what, and View details | About 15 seconds |
| The strip | One band: your grade and score, the verdict in words, the descent rate and G-force, the runway, and View details | About 15 seconds |
| The tag | The smallest: your grade and score, the six parts as one bar, the descent rate and G-force, and a button for View details | About 15 seconds |
| Off | Nothing opens over the sim | Nothing to close |
A card whose top note is a warning stays about 5 seconds longer. The bar along its foot counts down, and it waits while the pointer is on the card. The X closes the card at once, and you can drag it anywhere by a part that isn't a button.
A card opens near the top left corner of the screen in Show the score card on: Follow MSFS, the screen the sim is on, or a screen you pick.
The whole landing at a glance. The coach's top note comes first, then the descent rate against the target for the aircraft you flew, then the other five readings, the airport, the aircraft and the time. Chips say who flew it and what stood out: a bounce, a tail strike, a strong crosswind, a new best. View details opens the landing's report, and Share opens your landings on your Roundout account.
The top of the detailed card, and the two readings that carry half the score. A warning keeps one line, the headline of the coach's note.
One band that keeps the view clear: your grade, your score, the verdict, the two readings and the runway. A warning takes the runway's place.
The smallest card. The six parts stand as one bar, each as wide as its share of the score: hold the pointer over the bar for each part's points. The round button in the corner opens the report. A warning adds a line.
Nothing opens over the sim. Each landing is still scored, saved and synced, and you'll find it in the Landing report and Landing history as usual. Show the score card on is dimmed and keeps your screen for later, and See an example has nothing to show.
See an example, under the box, opens the choice in the box over your screen with a sample landing, as a real one would open, whether you've saved it or not. It says Example, its buttons have nothing to open, it makes no sound, and nothing is saved. Choosing another card closes it.
View score card, on a landing's report, opens that landing's card again: the one you chose, or the detailed card if you chose Off. It has no countdown and stays until you close it, with its X or with the same button, which then reads Hide score card. It plays no sound, and it works with MSFS closed.
Also under After each landing: Open the landing report in the Roundout window, on unless you turn it off, moves the window to that landing's report when the rollout ends, ready when you switch back, without coming to the front or taking focus from the sim. Play a sound on landing, off unless you turn it on, plays your Windows notification sound as the landing is scored, with a card or with Off.
Roundout's grading isn't guesswork. Its thresholds start from published standards (the FAA, EASA, the Flight Safety Foundation and manufacturers' manuals) and are checked against real landings, which also set the few limits no standard gives a number for. Centerline, sideslip and bank are scored the same way for every aircraft. Descent rate, G-force and the touchdown zone depend on the aircraft's category: the tables below show the curves Roundout uses for an aircraft it doesn't recognize, and every category's own curves are in aircraft scoring profiles below.
Every landing gets a score from 0 to 100, worked out in three stages:
Six part scores feed the weighted sum, and two penalties and one multiplier shape the final number:
| Part | Weight | What it captures |
|---|---|---|
| Descent rate at touchdown | 30% | Vertical speed (fpm) as the wheels meet the ground |
| G-force at touchdown | 20% | Vertical load factor at impact, a cross-check on descent rate |
| Centerline deviation | 15% | Lateral offset from the runway centerline (m) |
| Touchdown zone accuracy | 15% | Distance from the threshold to the touchdown point (m) |
| Approach stability | 10% | Pass or fail at the 500 ft and 300 ft AGL gates |
| Sideslip and bank at touchdown | 10% | Uneven load on the landing gear |
| Bounce penalty | −10 each | A flat penalty for each bounce after the first touchdown |
| Tail-strike penalty | −25 | Touchdown pitch at or above the aircraft's safe limit |
| Wind difficulty multiplier | ×1.00 to ×1.15 | Crosswind component at touchdown |
The final score sets the letter grade:
What we measure: the aircraft's vertical speed in feet per minute at the moment the wheels touch the runway, taken from the sim's dedicated touchdown reading (PLANE TOUCHDOWN NORMAL VELOCITY). If Roundout's own recording shows the sim missed the contact (it has reported almost nothing for a crash), Roundout uses the rate from its recording instead.
Why this can differ from your VSI: the sim exposes more than one plausible source for vertical speed and they do not agree. The vertical-speed instrument is damped and lags, so at the instant of contact it can read noticeably softer or harsher than the touchdown actually was. Roundout scores the value captured at contact, which is the one a real flight-data recorder would use. If your VSI showed 150 and Roundout says 210, neither is broken; they are measuring different things.
Why it's the heaviest weight: sink rate at touchdown is the single most reliable sign of a soft landing. Transport aircraft are certified (14 CFR 25.473) for touchdowns of 600 fpm at maximum landing weight and only 360 fpm at maximum takeoff weight. For light aircraft, even a firm Cessna touchdown is rarely more than 200 fpm.
Each category has its own curve, listed in the catalog below. This is the one Roundout uses for an aircraft it doesn't recognize. Scores fall in a straight line between the points.
| Vertical speed (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 0 to 100 | 100 |
| 100 to 200 | 100 to 90 |
| 200 to 300 | 90 to 75 |
| 300 to 450 | 75 to 55 |
| 450 to 600 | 55 to 35 |
| 600 to 800 | 35 to 10 |
| > 800 | 10 |
What we measure: the peak vertical load factor around touchdown (SimConnect G FORCE), as a multiple of normal gravity (1.0 G is level flight). A reading below 1.0 G can't happen at a real touchdown. It means the sim didn't report G for that flight, so Roundout leaves G-force out and grades the parts it did measure.
Why it's separate from descent rate: two landings with the same touchdown fpm can produce very different loads depending on the aircraft's mass, its gear stroke, and how progressively the pilot let the weight settle on the wheels. G-force captures what the airframe actually felt. A smooth airliner landing usually registers 1.1 to 1.3 G; structural inspection thresholds sit around 2.0 to 2.6 G for transport aircraft.
As with descent rate, each category has its own curve, and some aircraft carry their own on top (the Airbus airliners, the CRJs and the Dash 8s among them). This is the one for an aircraft Roundout doesn't recognize:
| Touchdown G | Score |
|---|---|
| ≤ 1.21 | 100 |
| 1.21 to 1.42 | 100 to 85 |
| 1.42 to 1.59 | 85 to 65 |
| 1.59 to 1.70 | 65 to 40 |
| 1.70 to 1.98 | 40 to 10 |
| > 1.98 | 10 |
What we measure: the lateral offset (in meters) between the aircraft and the runway centerline at touchdown, computed from the aircraft's position and the runway's geometry. The same curve applies to every aircraft.
Why it matters: the FAA's airman certification standards require a touchdown “with no side drift, and with the airplane's longitudinal axis aligned with and over the runway center/landing path.” A 5 m offset on a typical 30 m wide runway puts you visibly off-center; 10 m starts threatening edge lights on narrower airstrips.
| Lateral offset (m) | Score | Read |
|---|---|---|
| 0 to 2 | 100 | On the line, checkride-clean. |
| 2 to 5 | 100 to 85 | Slightly off, well within tolerance. |
| 5 to 10 | 85 to 60 | Visibly off-center. |
| 10 to 20 | 60 to 35 | Threatens the runway edge on narrower strips. |
| Over 20 | 10 | Off the runway on most paved strips. |
Roundout finds the runway from the sim's own runway data first, then MSFS ATC, then its bundled airport database. If all of them miss (fictional scenery or an off-airport landing), centerline and touchdown zone are left out of the weighted total rather than awarded a free 100. Your grade reflects only what was actually measurable. See runway detection for the full chain.
What we measure: the distance (in meters) along the runway from its threshold to the touchdown point.
Why it matters: the FAA defines the touchdown zone as the first 3,000 ft (914 m) of the runway, beginning at the threshold. Landing past it steadily shortens the stopping distance left, and runway excursions are one of the most common landing accidents.
The window depends on the category. For an aircraft Roundout doesn't recognize it's scored like this:
| Distance from the threshold | Score | Read |
|---|---|---|
| 200 to 500 m | 100 | The ideal window. |
| 80 to 200 m | 80 to 100 | A little short. Fine on a long runway. |
| 0 to 80 m | 50 to 80 | Very short, chasing the threshold. |
| 500 to 700 m | 100 to 50 | Past the zone, eating into stopping distance. |
| 700 m to 80% of the runway | 50 to 20 | A long landing, go-around territory in real operations. |
| Beyond 80% of the runway | 20 | Floored at 20. |
Each category sets its own ideal window: a narrow-body airliner's is 240 to 600 m, a light single's 50 to 200 m. Each category's values are in the aircraft profiles section.
What we measure: two pass-or-fail gates, taken once as the aircraft descends through 500 ft AGL and again at 300 ft AGL. At each gate Roundout checks three criteria in parallel:
There used to be a fourth check comparing your descent rate at the gate against the average since 1,000 ft. It was removed in 1.2.31 because it was measuring the wrong thing: on any real approach your descent rate must change as you slow and configure, so converging onto a steady rate scored as unstable. A real PMDG 777 CAT III autoland failed it at both gates by 4 fpm and 2 fpm while passing everything else comfortably, and 42% of all landings ever synced were sitting on the resulting floor. The glideslope check above already tests descent rate, geometrically and correctly.
Both gates need all three criteria true to count as stable:
| 500 ft | 300 ft | Score |
|---|---|---|
| Stable | Stable | 100 |
| Stable | Destabilized | 70 |
| Unstable | Stable | 50 |
| Unstable | Unstable | 30 |
When a gate could not be measured at all (you started the flight on short final, or Roundout connected late) it is not treated as a failure. If neither gate was seen, approach stability drops out of the score entirely and the remaining parts are re-weighted. If only one gate was seen, you are scored from the gate we did measure rather than punished for the one we missed: 85 or 40 from the 500 ft gate alone, 75 or 50 from the 300 ft gate alone.
Why this matters more than its weight suggests: Flight Safety Foundation analysis of approach-and-landing accidents found unstabilized approaches a contributing factor in roughly two-thirds of cases. Most carriers' procedures call for a go-around if the aircraft isn't stabilized by 1,000 ft AGL in instrument conditions or 500 ft AGL in visual conditions. Roundout's gates are calibrated against the latter.
What we measure: the absolute sideslip angle (β) and absolute bank angle (φ) at the touchdown. Each is scored on its own, then combined as 0.6 × sideslip + 0.4 × bank.
Why it matters: a sideslip or bank at touchdown puts uneven load on the gear: one main wheel takes more than its share. The FAA's Airplane Flying Handbook teaches the crab and the wing-low sideslip (often combined: a crab on final, a sideslip in the flare), and both end with the longitudinal axis aligned with the runway at touchdown.
| Angle | Score |
|---|---|
| 0 to 1° | 100 |
| 1 to 3° | 100 to 80 |
| 3 to 5° | 80 to 60 |
| 5 to 10° | 60 to 35 |
| Over 10° | 10 |
| Angle | Score |
|---|---|
| 0 to 2° | 100 |
| 2 to 5° | 100 to 80 |
| 5 to 8° | 80 to 55 |
| Over 8° | 55 to 20 |
What we measure: a bounce is a ground, air, ground transition within 5 seconds of the previous ground contact. Each bounce takes 10 points off the composite score (which then stops at 0).
How we detect them: after the first touchdown, Roundout watches the sim's on-ground flag and each main gear separately, so a wing-low bounce where one wheel stays on the runway still counts. The new contact has to carry a real load (at least 1.3 G) to count; lighter flickers from detailed gear models on a normal rollout are ignored. The window resets on each new contact, so three bounces within seconds of each other all count.
Why a bounce is more than looks: bounces show excess energy at touchdown, usually too much approach speed, an early flare that bled height before settling, or a brief porpoise. The FAA's advice after a light bounce is to hold a normal landing attitude, adding power if needed, and let the aircraft settle; after a hard bounce, to go around at once.
Crosswind landings ask more of the pilot than calm-air landings, so a clean touchdown in a 25 kt crosswind earns a small bonus. The bonus multiplies the raw composite score, and the final score still stops at 100, so a strong crosswind can lift a B to an A but never turns an F into an A.
| Crosswind component (kt) | Multiplier | Label |
|---|---|---|
| ≤ 5 | 1.00× | Calm / light |
| 5 to 10 | 1.00× | Moderate |
| 10 to 20 | 1.05× | Brisk crosswind |
| 20 to 30 | 1.10× | Strong crosswind |
| > 30 | 1.15× | Severe crosswind |
Why a multiplier and not added points? Added points behave oddly when the other parts score well: a 99 can't go above 100, so the bonus disappears. A multiplier respects the balance of the score: a sloppy 50 in a strong crosswind still doesn't become an A.
Every aircraft has a maximum safe pitch attitude at touchdown, beyond which the tail meets the runway. For the Boeing 737-800 it's 9°; for the Airbus A320 it's 10°; for the long Boeing 777-300ER it's just 8°. When Roundout detects a touchdown pitch at or above the limit, the landing takes a 25 point penalty on the composite score, and the landing page shows a "Tail strike risk" warning.
An aircraft uses its own published limit where the catalog has one, and its category's otherwise. Helicopters, eVTOLs and balloons have no tail-strike check. Every limit is listed in the catalog below.
Four landings, one scoring engine, very different stories. Every number follows the formula above.
Σ = 30 + 18.7 + 15 + 15 + 10 + 10 = 98.7, no penalties, ×1.00 wind: final 98.7, A+
The per-aircraft system at work: the same readings score differently because the airframes have different limits. Light singles are held to stricter curves at the same numbers, most of all on G.
The bonus vanishes at the cap, on purpose. On a raw 91 the same multiplier would lift it to 100; on a raw 50 it would lift it to 55.
Even a smooth landing grades poorly when the airframe took an inspection-worthy hit on the tail.
Roundout's grading is grounded in real standards, but a sim is not a cockpit. A few things to know:
Per-aircraft thresholds are the default. The descent-rate, G-force and touchdown-zone tables in this section are the ones for an aircraft Roundout doesn't recognize. For everything in the catalog (default MSFS and the major payware) Roundout applies the curves for its category. See aircraft scoring profiles.
The sim is the source. Roundout samples MSFS 50 times a second on approach and through the landing, but every reading is only as good as the aircraft's flight model. Centerline and touchdown-zone data depend on accurate runway geometry, and third-party scenery sometimes places a runway slightly differently.
Calibrated against VFR and training standards, not airline procedures. If you're flying an airliner to commercial-cockpit standards on purpose, expect to score in the A range routinely.
The grading rewards consistency. A single A+ landing is great. Ten landings in a row averaging A is the real sign of skill, and that's what your portal statistics track.
Honest scoring beats inflated scoring. When runway data is missing (rare: fictional scenery or genuine off-airport landings), Roundout leaves centerline and touchdown zone out of the composite rather than handing out a free 100 on each.
"Not measured" is never treated as zero. Any part Roundout could not measure is dropped from the weighted total and the remaining weights are rescaled, so your score reflects only what was actually observed. A part that was measured can never score 0, because every curve has a floor of at least 10.
Some landings get no letter grade at all. If the runway could not be identified and the approach was never seen, the only things left are how hard you touched down and whether you were crabbed. That says nothing about where you landed or how you got there, so those landings show "No grade" in place of a letter and do not count toward your average score, grade streaks or score-based achievements. Every part Roundout did measure is still shown. Before this, one such landing scored a flat 100 and was graded A+ on two parts.
Impossible captures count toward nothing. A slew, a reposition, a crash, or the scenery reloading under the aircraft can produce a "landing" that never happened: readings no aircraft could survive, readings too gentle to be a landing at all, an aircraft inverted at touchdown, or one that was not moving in any direction. Roundout checks the whole touchdown for this, and when it does not believe the capture the landing gets no grade, no coaching and no place in your statistics or achievements. It stays in your logbook with an explanation, because it is your data.
A 200 fpm touchdown is well below a Boeing 737's certification limit but at the upper end of acceptable in a Cessna 152. Roundout's per-aircraft profiles apply the right curves for the airframe you're flying, across 28 categories covering 498 named aircraft, default and add-on.
Profiles ship with the desktop app as profiles.json. The same source spreadsheet generates both the desktop's profiles and this catalog, so the numbers below match what the latest version of Roundout applies in flight. Each aircraft also has its own page in the aircraft guide.
When MSFS reports the aircraft title (for example "PMDG Boeing 737-800 BCF"), Roundout walks the tiers below in order, and the first hit wins. Every landing page shows the profile and category it was scored against.
Named profile Tier 1 The most specific match among the 498 named profiles. "737-800" in the title hits the Boeing 737-800 entry directly. It wins when the title carries a unique, variant-bearing pattern, including add-on naming styles like "FenixA319" or "ProSimA320".
Sub-family Tier 2 If no exact variant matches, the title is routed to one of 66 sub-families (for example “Airbus A320 family” or “Boeing 737”) and scored with that sub-family's own real-world values. A bare "A320" in a title lands here instead of on generic defaults.
Category fallback Tier 3 Titles that only reveal a broad type are routed to a category by a broad pattern: narrow-body, wide-body, GA, fighter, warbird, helicopter and so on.
Ask the sim Tier 4 Added in 1.2.35. Some liveries carry no aircraft type in the title at all, such as "FBW Turkish Airlines TC-JPV" or "China Southern B-6138", and can never be identified from the title however many patterns we add. When every tier above has come up empty, Roundout asks MSFS what you are flying and matches on the type code it reports. Because this runs last, an aircraft that is recognized today is recognized exactly as before.
Uncategorized Tier 5 Unknown mods or experimental titles fall through to the Uncategorized profile, a middle-ground set of curves. The landing is marked so you know (“Scored with the default curves” in your portal, “Default scoring” in the app).
If your add-on isn't recognized or lands on a profile you think is wrong, email support@roundout.io with the exact aircraft title: hold the pointer over the aircraft's name in the Landing report to see it. We add aircraft to the library in regular updates.
The same reading, a different aircraft, a very different score. This is the whole point of per-aircraft profiles.
| Touchdown | Boeing 737-800, narrow-body | Cessna 152, light single |
|---|---|---|
| 85 fpm | 100 inside the full-score plateau (up to 100 fpm) | 96 between 60 fpm (100) and 120 fpm (90) |
| 200 fpm | 82 a solid airliner touchdown | 77 getting firm for a trainer |
| 240 fpm | 75 at the firm boundary (239 fpm) | 70 a passenger would feel it |
| 400 fpm | 46 hard-landing territory | 43 gear-stress territory for a 152 |
| 600 fpm | 10 at the certification hard-landing limit | 10 it would damage a 152 |
The touchdown-zone window and the approach-speed tolerance change by category too, and the tail-strike limit by aircraft where one is published. The catalog below has each category's exact thresholds.
Two modifiers apply on top of the per-aircraft part scores: a crosswind multiplier (×1.00 to ×1.15 by tier) and a tail-strike penalty when touchdown pitch reaches the aircraft's safe limit (−25 points). Both are described in the grading section above; each aircraft's pitch limit is listed in its category below.
Every aircraft Roundout recognizes belongs to one of these categories, and anything it doesn't recognize uses the Uncategorized curves. Open one for its full thresholds, its aircraft and the sources.
FAR 23.473 lower bound (7 ft/s ≈ 420 fpm). POH-recommended full-stall touchdown ≤ 100 fpm.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 60 | 100 |
| 120 | 90 |
| 210 | 75 |
| 330 | 55 |
| 450 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.2 | 90 |
| 1.35 | 75 |
| 1.55 | 55 |
| 1.75 | 35 |
| 2.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.5°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (52)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aero Boero | AB115 | AB-115 (Lycoming O-235-C2A, 115 hp) | 770 | 51 | 770 | 12.0° | Payware (RPSimulations) |
| AeroElvira | Optica | OA7 | 1315 | 52 | 1315 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Aeroprakt | A22 / |
A-32 Vixxen (Rotax 912 iS) | 600 | 49 | 600 | 12.0° | Payware (Got Friends) |
| Beechcraft | T-34B | Mentor | 1354 | 75 | 1354 | 12.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Bristell | B23 | B23 (Rotax 912, 100 hp) | 750 | 57 | 750 | 12.0° | Payware (Airfoillabs) |
| CGS | Hawk | Arrow II | 499 | 40 | 272 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Cessna | 152 | 152 (standard, 1977-85) | 757 | 60 | 757 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Cessna | 152 | Aerobat | 757 | 60 | 757 | 12.0° | Default Deluxe |
| Cessna | 162 | Skycatcher | 599 | 60 | 599 | 12.0° | Payware (Cockspur) |
| Cessna | 172 | M / |
1043 | 60 | 1043 | 12.0° | Freeware (Bagolu) |
| Cessna | 172 | Model 172 (1956-1959) | 998 | 61 | 998 | 12.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Cessna | 172 | Skyhawk (analog) | 1157 | 65 | 1157 | 12.0° | Default Deluxe |
| Cessna | 172 | Skyhawk G1000 | 1157 | 65 | 1157 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Cessna | R172K | R172K Hawk XP II | 1157 | 65 | 1157 | 12.0° | Freeware (Bagolu) |
| Cirrus | SR20 | SR20 (AI traffic model only) | 1383 | 78 | 1383 | 12.0° | Not available for MSFS |
| CubCrafters | NX Cub | NXCub (215 hp, nosewheel XCub) | 1043 | 51 | 1043 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| De Havilland Canada | DHC-2 | Beaver | 2313 | 70 | 2313 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Diamond | DA20 | C1 | 800 | 55 | 800 | 12.0° | Payware (SimSolutions/ |
| Diamond | DA40 | NG | 1280 | 77 | 1280 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Diamond | DA40 | TDI | 1150 | 71 | 1150 | 12.0° | Default Deluxe |
| Diamond | DA40 | XLS | 1200 | 71 | 1150 | 12.0° | Payware (COWS) |
| Diamond | DV20 | DV 20 Katana (Rotax 912) | 730 | 60 | 730 | 12.0° | Default Deluxe |
| Flight Design | CTSL | CT Supralight (CTSL) | 473 | 48 | 473 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Grumman | AA-5B | Tiger | 1089 | 69 | 1089 | 12.0° | Payware (BRSimDesigns) |
| ICON | A5 | Standard A5 (Rotax 912 iS) | 685 | 58 | 685 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| ICP | Savannah S | Savannah S (Rotax 912 ULS/ |
600 | 39 | 600 | 12.0° | Freeware (Bagolu) |
| JMB Aircraft | VL-3 | VL-3 Evolution | 600 | 55 | 600 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Lake | Skipper | Skipper (fictional ground-effect craft) | 600 | 60 | 600 | 12.0° | Freeware (Got Friends) |
| Piper | PA-28 | Archer II / |
1157 | 66 | 1157 | 12.0° | Payware (Just Flight/ |
| Piper | PA-28-161 | Warrior II | 1055 | 63 | 1055 | 12.0° | Payware (Just Flight) |
| Piper | PA-28-181 | Archer | 1157 | 66 | 1157 | 12.0° | Payware (Just Flight) |
| Piper | PA-38 | Tomahawk | 757 | 67 | 757 | 12.0° | Payware (Just Flight) |
| Pipistrel | Virus | SW121 | 600 | 61 | 600 | 12.0° | Default Premium |
| Powrachute | Sky Rascal | Sky Rascal (Rotax 503) | 350 | 25 | 350 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Quickie | Q200 | Q200 (Continental O-200, 100 hp) | 499 | 74 | 499 | 12.0° | Payware (Lionheart) |
| Robin | DR400-100 | Cadet | 800 | 56 | 800 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Rutan | Long EZ | Model 61 Long-EZ (only version, Lycoming O-235) | 601 | 65 | 601 | 12.0° | Payware (IndiaFoxtEcho) |
| Ryan | Navion B | Navion B (Super 260) | 1293 | 62 | 1293 | 12.0° | Payware (Hangar 713) |
| SIAI/ |
S.205 | S.205-18/ |
1200 | 57 | 1200 | 12.0° | Payware (Nemeth) |
| SIAI/ |
SF-260 | SF.260 (original O-540 version, military trainer) | 1200 | 94 | 1200 | 12.0° | Payware (Sim Skunk Works) |
| SOCATA | Rallye | MS-893 | 1050 | 65 | 1000 | 12.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| SOCATA | TB-30 | Epsilon | 1250 | 89 | 1250 | 12.0° | Payware (AzurPoly) |
| SeaRey | Elite | SeaRey Elite (Rotax 914) | 649 | 48 | 649 | 12.0° | Payware (Aerosoft/ |
| TL Ultralight | TL-2000 | Sting S4 | 600 | 55 | 600 | 12.0° | Payware (FSReborn) |
| Tecnam | P2002 | JF Sierra | 600 | 51 | 600 | 12.0° | Payware (AeroSachs) |
| Tecnam | P2008 | JC | 630 | 59 | 630 | 12.0° | Payware (AeroSachs) |
| Tecnam | P2010 | P2010 180 HP (Lycoming IO-360-M1A) | 1160 | 68 | 1160 | 12.0° | Payware (AeroSachs) |
| Tecnam | P92 | P92 Echo Classic (Rotax 912 ULS, 100 hp) | 450 | 43 | 450 | 12.0° | Payware (AeroSachs) |
| Top Rudder Aircraft | Solo 103 | Solo 103 | 249 | 33 | 249 | 12.0° | Payware (Asobo) |
| Vans Aircraft | RV-14 | RV-14 and RV-14A (both included) | 930 | 66 | 930 | 12.0° | Payware (SimWorks) |
| Yakovlev | Yak-18T | Yak-18T (M-14P, 360 hp) | 1650 | 80 | 1650 | 12.0° | Payware (Nemeth) |
| Yakovlev | Yak-52 | Yak-52 (M-14P, tricycle) | 1305 | 63 | 1305 | 12.0° | Payware (Virtavia) |
Representative airframes
Cessna 152, 172, 182, Cherokee 180, DA40, SR20, Mooney M20, Robin DR400
Source
14 CFR 23.473; Cessna 172 SM Ch.5-50-00; Cessna 152 Service Manual
FAR 23.473 mid-band (≈8-9 ft/s ≈ 480-540 fpm at MLW). Higher Vref → more energy at impact.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 80 | 100 |
| 138 | 90 |
| 224 | 75 |
| 340 | 55 |
| 456 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.2 | 90 |
| 1.35 | 75 |
| 1.55 | 55 |
| 1.75 | 35 |
| 2.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.5°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (30)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beechcraft | Bonanza | A36 (Black Square) | 1656 | 77 | 1656 | 11.0° | Payware (Black Square) |
| Beechcraft | Bonanza | F33A | 1542 | 69 | 1542 | 11.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Beechcraft | Bonanza | G36 | 1656 | 77 | 1656 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| Beechcraft | Bonanza | H35 V-Tail | 1315 | 65 | 1315 | 11.0° | Payware (BlackBox/ |
| Beechcraft | Bonanza | V35 | 1542 | 70 | 1542 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Beechcraft | Debonair | 35 | 1361 | 69 | 1361 | 11.0° | Payware (BRSimDesigns) |
| Beechcraft | Sierra | C24R | 1247 | 78 | 1247 | 11.0° | Payware (FlySimWare/ |
| Bellanca | Super Viking | 17-31ATC Turbo Super Viking | 1508 | 78 | 1508 | 11.0° | Payware (Lionheart) |
| Cessna | 182 | RG | 1406 | 70 | 1406 | 11.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Cessna | 182 | T Skylane | 1406 | 65 | 1338 | 11.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Cessna | 182Q | 182Q Skylane | 1338 | 65 | 1338 | 11.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Cessna | 400 | Corvalis TT | 1633 | 78 | 1551 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| Cessna | Corvalis TTx | TTx (Model T240) | 1633 | 78 | 1551 | 11.0° | Payware (Sim Federation) |
| Cessna | T207A | Turbo Stationair 8 II | 1724 | 85 | 1724 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Cessna | T210N | Turbo Centurion | 1814 | 75 | 1724 | 11.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Cirrus | SR22 | SR22T G6 (SR22 G5 before Dec 2023) | 1633 | 79 | 1633 | 11.0° | Default Premium |
| Cirrus | SR22 | T (PW) | 1633 | 79 | 1633 | 11.0° | Default Premium |
| Diamond | DA50 | RG | 1999 | 77 | 1999 | 11.0° | Payware (Skyward) |
| GippsAero | GA8 | Airvan | 1814 | 71 | 1814 | 11.0° | Payware (SimWorks) |
| Lancair | Legacy | Legacy RG (IO-550-N or TSIO-550), incl. StarHawk | 998 | 73 | 998 | 11.0° | Payware (FlySimWare) |
| Mooney | M20R | Ovation | 1528 | 75 | 1452 | 11.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Piper | PA-24 | Comanche 250 | 1315 | 78 | 1315 | 11.0° | Payware (A2A) |
| Piper | PA-28-236 | Dakota | 1361 | 73 | 1361 | 11.0° | Free Marketplace (Carenado) |
| Piper | PA-28R | Arrow III | 1247 | 75 | 1247 | 11.0° | Payware (Just Flight/ |
| Piper | PA-28R | Turbo Arrow III/ |
1315 | 75 | 1315 | 11.0° | Payware (Just Flight) |
| Piper | PA-32 | Saratoga II TC | 1633 | 80 | 1633 | 11.0° | Payware (Pixel Planes) |
| Rockwell | Commander 114 | 1977, normally aspirated or turbo-normalised | 1424 | 70 | 1424 | 11.0° | Payware (Black Square) |
| SOCATA | Trinidad | TB21 GT | 1400 | 77 | 1400 | 11.0° | Payware (Lionheart) |
| Vans Aircraft | RV-10 | RV-10 (only version) | 1225 | 71 | 1225 | 11.0° | Payware (SimWorks) |
| Velocity | XL | TXL-RG (twin-turbo TSIO-550) | 1361 | 88 | 1361 | 11.0° | Payware (Black Square) |
Representative airframes
Cirrus SR22, Bonanza A36/G36, Cessna 182 RG/T, Mooney Ovation, Diamond DA50, SR20
Source
14 CFR 23.473; Cirrus SR22 AMM Ch.5-50; Beech Bonanza Maintenance Manual Ch.5
FAR 23.473 upper band (≈9-10 ft/s ≈ 540-600 fpm at MLW). Twin gear handles slightly more.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 80 | 100 |
| 138 | 90 |
| 224 | 75 |
| 340 | 55 |
| 456 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.2 | 90 |
| 1.35 | 75 |
| 1.55 | 55 |
| 1.75 | 35 |
| 2.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.5°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (28)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aero | Ae-45/ |
Ae-45 prototype and Ae-145 | 1600 | 70 | 1600 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Beechcraft | Baron | 58P | 2812 | 100 | 2812 | 11.0° | Payware (Black Square) |
| Beechcraft | Baron | B55 | 2313 | 95 | 2313 | 11.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Beechcraft | Baron | B58 (Black Sq) | 2495 | 95 | 2449 | 11.0° | Payware (Black Square) |
| Beechcraft | Baron | B58TC | 2812 | 100 | 2812 | 11.0° | Payware (Black Square) |
| Beechcraft | Baron | G58 | 2495 | 95 | 2449 | 11.0° | Default Deluxe |
| Beechcraft | Duke | Piston/ |
3073 | 98 | 3073 | 11.0° | Payware (Black Square) |
| Britten-Norman | BN-2 | Islander | 2994 | 58 | 2858 | 11.0° | Payware (BlackBox) |
| Britten-Norman | BN-2A | Trislander | 4536 | 75 | 4536 | 11.0° | Payware (BlackBox) |
| Camair | 480 | Twin Navion | 1961 | 70 | 1961 | 11.0° | Payware (Hangar 713) |
| Cessna | 310 | R | 2495 | 93 | 2449 | 11.0° | Payware (Milviz/ |
| Cessna | 337 | Skymaster | 2100 | 78 | 1996 | 11.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Cessna | 404 | Titan | 3810 | 96 | 3674 | 11.0° | Default Deluxe |
| Cessna | 414AW | Chancellor | 3062 | 94 | 3062 | 11.0° | Payware (FlySimWare) |
| Cessna | 421 | Golden Eagle | 3379 | 96 | 3266 | 11.0° | Not available for MSFS |
| Diamond | DA42 | DA42-TDI / |
1999 | 86 | 1999 | 11.0° | Payware (COWS) |
| Diamond | DA62 | DA 62 (only model) | 2300 | 89 | 2300 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| Dornier | Seastar | Seastar CD 2 (new generation) | 4600 | 84 | 4500 | 11.0° | Default Deluxe |
| Grumman | G-21A | Goose | 3629 | 77 | 3629 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| Grumman | G-44A | Widgeon | 2053 | 62 | 2053 | 11.0° | Payware (FlySimWare) |
| Grumman | GA-7 | Cougar | 1724 | 82 | 1724 | 11.0° | Unlisted model (no public MSFS product found) |
| Partenavia | P68B | Victor | 1990 | 73 | 1890 | 11.0° | Payware (Nemeth) |
| Piper | Aerostar | 600 | 2495 | 90 | 2495 | 11.0° | Payware (A2A) |
| Piper | PA-30 | Twin Comanche | 1690 | 87 | 1690 | 11.0° | Payware (Shrike Simulations, vFlyteAir) |
| Piper | PA-34T | Seneca V | 2155 | 90 | 2047 | 11.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Piper | PA-44 | Seminole | 1724 | 90 | 1724 | 11.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Tecnam | P2006T | Mk II | 1230 | 72 | 1230 | 11.0° | Payware (FlightSim Studio) |
| Tecnam | P2012 | Traveller | 3680 | 84 | 3630 | 11.0° | Payware (FlightSim Studio) |
Representative airframes
Beech Baron 58, Cessna 310/414/421, Piper Seneca, DA42, DA62, Aerostar, MU-2
Source
14 CFR 23.473; Beech Baron 58 AMM Ch.5; Diamond DA42 AMM Ch.5-50
Wheel landings aim for almost no sink, three-point landings for about 50 to 100 fpm. A bounce in a tailwheel aircraft can turn into a ground loop, so the descent-rate curve is stricter than for tricycle-gear singles.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 50 | 100 |
| 100 | 90 |
| 175 | 75 |
| 275 | 55 |
| 375 | 35 |
| 500 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.18 | 90 |
| 1.29 | 75 |
| 1.45 | 55 |
| 1.61 | 35 |
| 1.8 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.5°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (39)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| American Champion | Scout | 8GCBC Scout (180 hp; 210 hp Denali option) | 975 | 56 | 975 | 12.0° | Payware (Hangar 713) |
| Aviat | Husky A-1C | A-1C-200 | 1021 | 60 | 1021 | 12.0° | Payware (Asobo) |
| Aviat | Pitts Special | S1S | 522 | 64 | 522 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Aviat | Pitts Special | S2S | 714 | 70 | 714 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Boeing | Stearman | PT-17 | 1338 | 62 | 1338 | 13.0° | Payware (DC Designs) |
| Bucker | Bü-131 | Jungmann | 670 | 58 | 670 | 12.0° | Payware (Lionheart) |
| CAP | CAP-4 | Paulistinha | 587 | 47 | 587 | 12.0° | Free Marketplace (iniBuilds) |
| Cessna | 140 | 140 (1946-49, V-strut, C-85) | 658 | 51 | 658 | 12.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| Cessna | 170B | 170B (Continental C145-2) | 998 | 59 | 998 | 12.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Cessna | 185F | Skywagon | 1520 | 64 | 1520 | 12.0° | Free Marketplace (Carenado) |
| Cessna | 188 | AGTruck | 1497 | 66 | 1497 | 12.0° | Default Deluxe |
| Cessna | 195 | Businessliner | 1520 | 70 | 1520 | 12.0° | Default Aviator |
| Cessna | L-19 | Bird Dog | 1089 | 55 | 1089 | 12.0° | Payware (BlackBox) |
| CubCrafters | XCub | XCub CC19-180 (180 hp) | 1043 | 52 | 1043 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| De Havilland Canada | DHC-1 | Chipmunk | 953 | 55 | 953 | 12.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| Decathlon | Super (713) | 8KCAB-180 Super Decathlon (AEIO-360-H1B) | 885 | 64 | 885 | 12.0° | Payware (Hangar 713) |
| EXTRA | 330LT | EA 300/ |
950 | 85 | 950 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Globe | Swift | GC-1A (85 hp Continental C-85) | 712 | 52 | 712 | 12.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| MX Aircraft | MXS-R | MXS-R (race version of the MXS) | 835 | 75 | 835 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Maule | M7-235 | M-7-235C Orion (IO-540-W, 235 hp) | 1134 | 56 | 1134 | 12.0° | Payware (Pilot Experience Sim) |
| Maule | MX-7-180 | MX-7-180 Star Rocket (O-360, constant speed) | 1134 | 60 | 1134 | 12.0° | Payware (Heaven Designs) |
| PZL | PZL-104 | Wilga | 1300 | 59 | 1265 | 12.0° | Payware (Got Friends) |
| Pietenpol | Air Camper | Air Camper (Continental A65) | 490 | 52 | 490 | 12.0° | Payware (Emerald Scenery Design) |
| Piper | J-3 | Cub | 553 | 43 | 553 | 12.0° | Payware (Classic Aircraft) |
| Piper | L-4 | Grasshopper | 553 | 43 | 553 | 12.0° | Payware (Flight Replicas) |
| Piper | PA-11 | Cub Special | 553 | 46 | 553 | 12.0° | Payware (Flight Replicas) |
| Piper | Pacer | PA-20 Pacer (180 hp conversion); Tri-Pacer in package | 885 | 67 | 885 | 12.0° | Payware (Lionheart) |
| Robin | CAP 10 | CAP 10 C (CAP 10 B, carbon spar) | 830 | 59 | 800 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Ryan | ST-A Special | ST-A Special (Menasco C4S, 150 hp; only version) | 726 | 51 | 726 | 12.0° | Payware (A1R Design) |
| Sbach | 342 | XA42 (Sbach 342, two-seat) | 999 | 80 | 999 | 12.0° | Payware (Lionheart/ |
| Sukhoi | Su-31 | Su-31 (M-14PF, fixed gear) | 1050 | 82 | 1050 | 12.0° | Payware (IndiaFoxtEcho) |
| Taylorcraft | BC-12D | BC12-D (A-65); BC12D-85 (C-85 versions) | 544 | 52 | 544 | 12.0° | Payware (Got Friends) |
| Vans Aircraft | RV-7/ |
RV-7 and RV-7A (both included) | 816 | 66 | 816 | 12.0° | Payware (Deejing) |
| Vans Aircraft | RV-8 | RV-8 / |
816 | 66 | 816 | 12.0° | Payware (SimWorks/ |
| Wittman | Tailwind W-8/ |
W-8 and W-10 (both included) | 590 | 62 | 590 | 12.0° | Payware (Lionheart) |
| Zivko | Edge 540 | Edge 540 V2 and V3 (Red Bull Air Race) | 816 | 79 | 816 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Zlin Aviation | Savage | Norden | 600 | 39 | 600 | 12.0° | Default Premium |
| Zlin Aviation | Savage Cub | Savage Cub (Rotax 912 S, 100 hp) | 560 | 42 | 560 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Zlin Aviation | Shock | Ultra | 600 | 35 | 600 | 12.0° | Default Premium |
Representative airframes
Piper Cub, Decathlon, CubCrafters Carbon Cub/XCub, Husky, Pitts S-1/S-2, Maule, Stearman
Source
FAA Airplane Flying Handbook, tailwheel airplanes chapter; aerobatic aircraft flight manuals
FAR 23 commuter category. PC-12 AMM Doc 02049; TBM AMM Ch.5; cert min ≈8-9 ft/s.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 100 | 100 |
| 156 | 90 |
| 239 | 75 |
| 350 | 55 |
| 461 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.27 | 90 |
| 1.52 | 75 |
| 1.85 | 55 |
| 2.18 | 35 |
| 2.6 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.5°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (16)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air Tractor | AT-802 | AT-802A (sprayer / |
7257 | 103 | 7257 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Beechcraft | Bonanza | B36TP (PT6A-21 conversion) | 1837 | 75 | 1837 | 13.0° | Payware (Black Square) |
| Cessna | 208B | Grand Caravan EX | 3995 | 80 | 3856 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Daher | TBM | 850 | 3354 | 85 | 3186 | 12.0° | Payware (Black Square) |
| Daher | TBM | 930 | 3354 | 85 | 3186 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Draco | X | Draco X (only version, PT6-140) | 1814 | 48 | 1814 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Embraer | EMB-312 | Tucano | 3175 | 90 | 2550 | 12.0° | Payware (RPSimulations) |
| Epic Aircraft | E1000 | GX | 3629 | 86 | 3447 | 12.0° | Not available for MSFS (announced by Lionheart Creations) |
| Pacific Aerospace | PAC-750 | XSTOL | 3402 | 72 | 3232 | 12.0° | Payware (Orbx) |
| Pilatus | PC-12 | NGX | 4740 | 85 | 4500 | 13.0° | Default Std |
| Pilatus | PC-12 | PC-12/ |
4740 | 84 | 4500 | 13.0° | Payware (SimWorks Studios) |
| Pilatus | PC-21 | PC-21 | 4250 | 105 | 3100 | 12.0° | Payware (Iris) |
| Pilatus | PC-6 | B2-H4 Turbo Porter | 2800 | 70 | 2660 | 12.0° | Default Std, Payware (Milviz) |
| Piper | PA-46-500TP | M500 | 2310 | 86 | 2200 | 12.0° | Payware (FSReborn FSR500) |
| Piper | PA-46-600TP | M600/ |
2722 | 85 | 2631 | 12.0° | Payware (Microsoft Expert Series 02, by FSReborn) |
| Quest / |
Kodiak | 100 | 3291 | 83 | 3035 | 12.0° | Payware (SimWorks) |
Representative airframes
Daher TBM 930/940/960, Pilatus PC-12, Cessna 208 Caravan, Quest Kodiak, PC-6 Porter
Source
Pilatus PC-12 AMM; Daher TBM AMM Ch.5; 14 CFR 23.473
FAR 25 transport (King Air 350, ATR, Q400). 600 fpm at MLW per 25.473. ATR Smart Lander adds severity tiers.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 120 | 100 |
| 173 | 90 |
| 253 | 75 |
| 360 | 55 |
| 467 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.27 | 90 |
| 1.52 | 75 |
| 1.85 | 55 |
| 2.18 | 35 |
| 2.6 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.0°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (32)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATR | 42 | -600 | 18600 | 104 | 18300 | 9.0° | Default Aviator |
| ATR | 72 | -600 | 23000 | 110 | 22350 | 9.0° | Default Aviator |
| Amphibian Aerospace | Albatross | G111/ |
13882 | 89 | 13381 | 9.0° | Default Deluxe |
| Beechcraft | King Air | 350 (B300), Black Square analog | 6804 | 109 | 6804 | 12.0° | Payware (Black Square) |
| Beechcraft | King Air | 350i | 6804 | 109 | 6804 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Beechcraft | King Air | B200 | 5670 | 107 | 5670 | 12.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Beechcraft | King Air | C90 GTX | 4756 | 100 | 4460 | 12.0° | Default Premium, Payware (Carenado) |
| Beechcraft | Model 99 | B99 | 4944 | 96 | 4944 | 9.0° | Payware (Virtualcol) |
| Beechcraft | Starship | Starship 2000A (Model 2000, NC-29 on) | 6759 | 118 | 6205 | 9.0° | Payware (Black Square) |
| Bombardier | Dash 8 | -100 | 16466 | 92 | 15377 | 7.0° | Payware (Virtualcol) |
| Bombardier | Dash 8 | -200 (DHC-8-201) | 16466 | 94 | 15650 | 7.0° | Payware (Virtualcol) |
| Bombardier | Dash 8 | Q400 | 29574 | 119 | 28123 | 7.0° | Freeware (RTomas) |
| Britten-Norman | BN-2T | Turbine Islander | 3175 | 62 | 3084 | 9.0° | Payware (BlackBox) |
| Cessna | 408 | SkyCourier | 8618 | 95 | 8437 | 9.0° | Default Deluxe |
| Cessna | F406 | Caravan II | 4468 | 103 | 4246 | 9.0° | Payware (iniBuilds) |
| De Havilland Canada | CL-415 | CL-415 (CL-215-6B11), firefighting | 19890 | 88 | 16783 | 9.0° | Default Std |
| De Havilland Canada | DHC-6 | Twin Otter | 5670 | 74 | 5579 | 9.0° | Default Std |
| Dornier | 228 | Do 228 (sub-series not stated; 19-seat) | 5980 | 85 | 5700 | 9.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Embraer | EMB-110P | Bandeirante | 5900 | 92 | 5700 | 9.0° | Payware (NextGen) |
| Embraer | EMB-121 | Xingu | 5670 | 92 | 5340 | 9.0° | Payware (BRSimDesigns) |
| Eviation | Alice | Alice | 8346 | 95 | 8346 | 9.0° | Payware (LivToAir) |
| Fokker | F27 | Friendship | 18370 | 91 | 15422 | 9.0° | Payware (iniBuilds) |
| Grumman | C-2A | Greyhound | 26082 | 105 | 23733 | 9.0° | Not available for MSFS |
| Grumman | G-159 | Gulfstream I | 16329 | 113 | 15551 | 9.0° | Freeware (Gallosko) |
| Heart Aerospace | ES-30 | ES-30 | 21000 | 95 | 21000 | 9.0° | Default Std |
| Mitsubishi | MU-2 | MU-2B-25/ |
4749 | 100 | 4516 | 9.0° | Default Aviator |
| NAMC | YS-11 | YS-11A (Dart Mk.542; Passenger and VIP Charter) | 24499 | 98 | 24000 | 9.0° | Payware (iniBuilds) |
| North American | OV-10 | Bronco | 6532 | 100 | 5897 | 9.0° | Payware (AzurPoly) |
| Saab | 2000 | Saab 2000 | 22999 | 121 | 22000 | 9.0° | Not available for MSFS (announced by NextGen Simulations) |
| Saab | 340B | 340B (incl. cargo versions) | 13155 | 114 | 12930 | 9.0° | Default Premium |
| Short | SC.7 | Skyvan | 5670 | 91 | 5670 | 9.0° | Default Aviator |
| Shorts | SD3-30/ |
SD3-30 and SD3-60 (incl. Sherpa, C-23) | 12292 | 104 | 12020 | 9.0° | Payware (BlackBox) |
Representative airframes
Beech King Air 90/200/350, ATR 42/72-600, Bombardier Q400, Saab 340, Jetstream, F27
Source
Beech King Air 350 AMM Ch.5-50-00; ATR Flight Safety Magazine 'Hard Landing AMM Improvements'; 14 CFR 25.473
FAR 25 transport, 600 fpm at maximum landing weight per 25.473. The four-engine Dash 7 shares the twin turboprops' curves and touchdown zone.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 120 | 100 |
| 173 | 90 |
| 253 | 75 |
| 360 | 55 |
| 467 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.27 | 90 |
| 1.52 | 75 |
| 1.85 | 55 |
| 2.18 | 35 |
| 2.6 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.0°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (1)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bombardier | Dash 7 | DHC-7 Series 100 (-102/ |
19958 | 83 | 19051 | 9.0° | Payware (PILOT'S) |
Representative airframes
de Havilland Canada Dash 7 (DHC-7)
Source
As for the twin turboprops: Beech King Air 350 AMM Ch.5-50-00; ATR Flight Safety Magazine 'Hard Landing AMM Improvements'; 14 CFR 25.473
FAR 23 commuter or FAR 25. Lighter than mid-bizjets but jet-grade systems.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 100 | 100 |
| 156 | 90 |
| 239 | 75 |
| 350 | 55 |
| 461 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.27 | 90 |
| 1.52 | 75 |
| 1.85 | 55 |
| 2.18 | 35 |
| 2.6 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.0°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (7)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beechcraft | Premier | IA | 5670 | 120 | 5262 | 11.0° | Payware (Carenado) |
| Cessna | Citation | Mustang (510) | 3921 | 92 | 3629 | 11.0° | Payware (Cockspur) |
| Cirrus | Vision | SF50 | 2722 | 85 | 2517 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| Cirrus | Vision | SF50 G2 | 2722 | 85 | 2517 | 11.0° | Payware (FlightFX) |
| Embraer | Phenom | 100 | 4750 | 100 | 4430 | 11.0° | Payware (Cockspur) |
| Honda | HJet | HA-420 | 4808 | 113 | 4472 | 12.0° | Payware (Marwan Gharib) |
| Lear Fan | 2100 | Lear Fan 2100 | 3334 | 99 | 3334 | 11.0° | Payware (Lionheart) |
Representative airframes
Cirrus Vision Jet (SF50), Embraer Phenom 100, Cessna Citation Mustang, HondaJet HA-420, Eclipse 500/550
Source
Cirrus SF50 AMM Ch.5; Phenom 100 AMM; 14 CFR 23.473 / 25.473
FAR 25 transport. 600 fpm at MLW per 25.473.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 100 | 100 |
| 156 | 90 |
| 239 | 75 |
| 350 | 55 |
| 461 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.27 | 90 |
| 1.52 | 75 |
| 1.85 | 55 |
| 2.18 | 35 |
| 2.6 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.0°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (15)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bombardier | Challenger | 350 | 18416 | 124 | 15490 | 11.0° | Payware (Sim Federation) |
| Bombardier | Learjet | 25 | 6804 | 126 | 6033 | 11.0° | Payware (Xtreme Prototypes) |
| Bombardier | Learjet | 35A | 8301 | 128 | 6940 | 11.0° | Payware (FlySimWare) |
| Cessna | Citation | CJ3+ | 6291 | 108 | 5783 | 11.0° | Payware (LivToAir) |
| Cessna | Citation | CJ4 | 7760 | 111 | 7103 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| Cessna | Citation | Latitude | 13970 | 108 | 12507 | 11.0° | Payware (Sim Federation) |
| Cessna | Citation | Longitude | 17917 | 121 | 15195 | 11.0° | Default Premium |
| Cessna | Citation | Sovereign | 13743 | 108 | 12292 | 11.0° | Payware (Skyward) |
| Cessna | Citation | X | 16193 | 132 | 14424 | 11.0° | Payware (FlightFX) |
| Dassault | Falcon 50 | Falcon 50 (TFE731-3) | 18497 | 126 | 16200 | 11.0° | Payware (Contrail) |
| Embraer | Phenom | 300E | 8415 | 117 | 7835 | 11.0° | Payware (Sim Federation) |
| Hawker | 800XP | Hawker 800XP | 12700 | 127 | 10591 | 11.0° | Payware (FlightFX) |
| Lockheed | Jetstar | L-1329-23 JetStar (JT12A-8, 'JetStar 8') | 19051 | 140 | 15876 | 11.0° | Payware (Big Radials) |
| Piaggio | P-180 | Avanti | 5489 | 125 | 5216 | 11.0° | Payware (FlightFX) |
| Pilatus | PC-24 | PC-24 | 8300 | 107 | 7665 | 11.0° | Default Premium |
Representative airframes
Phenom 300, Citation Latitude/CJ4/Mustang/CJ3+/Sovereign/X, Lear 35/45/75, Challenger 350, Hawker 800
Source
Cessna Citation AMMs; 14 CFR 25.473
FAR 25. 600 fpm at MLW. Heavier mass, more momentum but robust gear.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 100 | 100 |
| 156 | 90 |
| 239 | 75 |
| 350 | 55 |
| 461 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.2 | 90 |
| 1.35 | 75 |
| 1.55 | 55 |
| 1.75 | 35 |
| 2.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.0°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (3)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bombardier | Global | 5000/ |
45132 | 128 | 35652 | 11.0° | Freeware (Giba720) |
| Bombardier | Global | 7500 | 52095 | 126 | 39735 | 11.0° | Not available for MSFS (announced by CJ Simulations) |
| Gulfstream | G650/ |
G650 / |
45177 | 137 | 37874 | 11.0° | Freeware (dillan4561) |
Representative airframes
Gulfstream G650/G700, Falcon 7X/8X/2000/900, Bombardier Global 5000/6000/7500, Citation Longitude, G550
Source
Gulfstream G650 AMM (GVI Unscheduled Maintenance); 14 CFR 25.473
FAR 25. 600 fpm at MLW. Lower MTOW than narrow-bodies but same cert standard.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 110 | 100 |
| 164 | 90 |
| 246 | 75 |
| 355 | 55 |
| 464 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.27 | 90 |
| 1.52 | 75 |
| 1.85 | 55 |
| 2.18 | 35 |
| 2.6 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±0.7°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (17)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beriev | Be-200 | Altair | 41000 | 102 | 35000 | 10.0° | Not available for MSFS |
| Boeing | 717 | -200 | 54885 | 138 | 49895 | 10.0° | Payware (Captain Sim) |
| Bombardier | CRJ | 1000 | 41640 | 140 | 36968 | 9.0° | Payware (Aerosoft) |
| Bombardier | CRJ | 200 | 24040 | 140 | 21319 | 9.0° | Payware (Virtualcol) |
| Bombardier | CRJ | 550 | 29484 | 129 | 27669 | 9.0° | Payware (Aerosoft) |
| Bombardier | CRJ | 700 | 34019 | 135 | 30391 | 9.0° | Payware (Aerosoft) |
| Bombardier | CRJ | 900 | 38329 | 141 | 34065 | 9.0° | Payware (Aerosoft) |
| British Aerospace | Avro RJ | RJ70, RJ85 and RJ100 | 44225 | 123 | 40142 | 10.0° | Payware (Just Flight) |
| British Aerospace | BAe 146 | 146-100, -200 and -300 (incl. QC, QT, CC.2, C.3) | 42184 | 118 | 36740 | 10.0° | Payware (Just Flight) |
| Embraer | E170 | E170 (ERJ 170-100 STD) | 35990 | 123 | 32800 | 10.0° | Payware (FlightSim Studio/ |
| Embraer | E175 | E175 (ERJ 170-200 LR) | 38790 | 125 | 34000 | 10.0° | Payware (FlightSim Studio/ |
| Embraer | E190 | E190 (ERJ 190-100 IGW) | 51800 | 125 | 44000 | 10.0° | Payware (FlightSim Studio/ |
| Embraer | E195 | E195 (ERJ 190-200 IGW) | 52290 | 127 | 45800 | 10.0° | Payware (FlightSim Studio/ |
| Embraer | ERJ-145 | ERJ-145LR | 22000 | 129 | 19300 | 11.0° | Payware (Sim Federation) |
| Fokker | 100 | F100 (F28 Mk 0100) | 44450 | 130 | 39915 | 10.0° | Payware (Just Flight) |
| Fokker | 70 | F70 (F28 Mk 0070) | 39915 | 126 | 36740 | 10.0° | Payware (Just Flight) |
| Fokker | F28 | F28 Mk 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 | 32205 | 119 | 29030 | 10.0° | Payware (Just Flight) |
Representative airframes
Bombardier CRJ-200/700/900/1000, Embraer ERJ-145, E170/E175/E190/E195 (E1+E2), Sukhoi Superjet, Fokker F28
Source
MHIRJ CRJ AMM Ch.05-51; Embraer AMM Ch.05-51; 14 CFR 25.473
FAR 25.473: 600 fpm MLW / 360 fpm overweight. Boeing AMM Ch.5-51 Phase-1 inspection at +1.7g main gear / Phase-2 at +2.1-2.2g. Airbus LR15: 1.80g amber / 2.06g red.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 100 | 100 |
| 156 | 90 |
| 239 | 75 |
| 350 | 55 |
| 461 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.22 | 90 |
| 1.41 | 75 |
| 1.65 | 55 |
| 1.89 | 35 |
| 2.2 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±0.7°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (33)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airbus | A220 | -100 | 60781 | 125 | 52390 | 11.0° | Payware (Virtualcol) |
| Airbus | A220 | -300 | 67585 | 131 | 58740 | 11.0° | Payware (Synaptic Simulations), Payware (Virtualcol) |
| Airbus | A318 | A318-100 (CFM56) and A318 Elite (ACJ318) | 68000 | 121 | 57500 | 10.0° | Payware (LatinVFR) |
| Airbus | A319 | ceo | 75500 | 126 | 62500 | 10.0° | Payware (Fenix/ |
| Airbus | A319 | neo | 75500 | 126 | 62500 | 10.0° | Not available for MSFS |
| Airbus | A320 | ceo | 78000 | 134 | 64500 | 10.0° | Payware (Fenix/ |
| Airbus | A320 | neo | 79000 | 130 | 66300 | 10.0° | Default Std |
| Airbus | A321 | LR | 97000 | 134 | 77300 | 10.0° | Default Std |
| Airbus | A321 | XLR | 101000 | 134 | 77300 | 10.0° | Not available for MSFS |
| Airbus | A321 | ceo | 89000 | 140 | 75500 | 10.0° | Payware (Fenix/ |
| Airbus | A321 | neo | 97000 | 134 | 77300 | 10.0° | Payware (Fenix/ |
| Boeing | 707 | -320C | 151300 | 136 | 112264 | 10.0° | Default Aviator |
| Boeing | 727 | -100 | 76650 | 126 | 62178 | 10.0° | Payware (FlightSim Studio) |
| Boeing | 727 | -200 | 95028 | 138 | 73482 | 10.0° | Payware (FlightSim Studio) |
| Boeing | 737 | -600 | 65090 | 126 | 54657 | 9.0° | Payware (PMDG) |
| Boeing | 737 | -700 | 70080 | 132 | 58604 | 9.0° | Payware (PMDG) |
| Boeing | 737 | -800 | 79015 | 142 | 66360 | 9.0° | Payware (PMDG/ |
| Boeing | 737 | -900 | 79015 | 141 | 66814 | 9.0° | Payware (PMDG) |
| Boeing | 737 | -900ER | 85140 | 144 | 71347 | 9.0° | Payware (PMDG) |
| Boeing | 737 | MAX 10 | 89800 | 148 | 75962 | 9.0° | Not available for MSFS |
| Boeing | 737 | MAX 7 | 80286 | 137 | 66043 | 9.0° | Not available for MSFS |
| Boeing | 737 | MAX 8 | 82200 | 140 | 69319 | 9.0° | Payware (Bredok3D) |
| Boeing | 737 | MAX 8 (default) | 82200 | 140 | 69319 | 9.0° | Default Std |
| Boeing | 737 | MAX 9 | 88300 | 146 | 74331 | 9.0° | Not available for MSFS (announced by iFly) |
| Boeing | 757 | -200 | 115680 | 137 | 95262 | 9.5° | Freeware (AstorAST), Freeware (JJ Simulations) |
| Boeing | 757 | -300 | 122449 | 142 | 101604 | 9.5° | Freeware (AstorAST) |
| Bredok3D | 737 MAX | 737 MAX 8 (inferred) | 82200 | 140 | 69319 | 9.0° | Payware (Bredok3D) |
| McDonnell Douglas | DC-9 | DC-9-10 and -30 (base pack); -20, -40, -50 (Sept 2026 pack) | 48988 | 132 | 44906 | 10.0° | Payware (Sky Simulations) |
| McDonnell Douglas | MD-80 | MD-82, MD-83 and MD-88 (Leonardo) | 67812 | 131 | 58967 | 11.0° | Payware (Leonardo Software House) |
| McDonnell Douglas | MD-82 | MD-82 (DC-9-82) | 67812 | 131 | 58967 | 11.0° | Payware (Leonardo) |
| McDonnell Douglas | MD-83 | MD-83 (DC-9-83) | 72575 | 136 | 63276 | 11.0° | Payware (Leonardo) |
| McDonnell Douglas | MD-88 | MD-88 | 72575 | 141 | 68039 | 11.0° | Payware (Leonardo) |
| McDonnell Douglas | MD-90 | MD-90-30 | 76204 | 140 | 64410 | 11.0° | Not available for MSFS |
Representative airframes
Boeing 737 NG/MAX (all variants), Airbus A220 (CS100/300), A318/A319/A320/A321 (ceo+neo+XLR), 757-200/300, MD-80/90, DC-9, Boeing 717, 727
Source
Boeing 737 AMM Ch.5-51-08; Airbus A320 AMM 05-51-11-200-004; Boeing FCTM Ch.6; 14 CFR 25.473
FAR 25.473. Boeing 777 AMM Ch.5-51-11: +1.7g Phase-1 / +2.2g zero-roll Phase-2 / >6° roll always Phase-2. FCTM target -150 to -300 fpm; up to -360 fpm operationally acceptable.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 120 | 100 |
| 173 | 90 |
| 253 | 75 |
| 360 | 55 |
| 467 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.22 | 90 |
| 1.41 | 75 |
| 1.65 | 55 |
| 1.89 | 35 |
| 2.2 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±0.7°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (21)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airbus | A300 | -600R | 171700 | 135 | 140000 | 9.0° | Payware (iniBuilds) |
| Airbus | A310 | -300 | 150000 | 136 | 123000 | 9.0° | Default Std |
| Airbus | A330 | -200 | 242000 | 136 | 182000 | 10.0° | Default Std |
| Airbus | A330 | -200 (PW) | 233000 | 136 | 182000 | 10.0° | Payware (LatinVFR) |
| Airbus | A330 | -300 | 242000 | 137 | 187000 | 10.0° | Default Std |
| Airbus | A330 | -300 (PW) | 242000 | 137 | 187000 | 10.0° | Payware (LatinVFR/ |
| Airbus | A330 | -300P2F | 233000 | 138 | 187000 | 10.0° | Default Std |
| Airbus | A330 | -800neo | 251000 | 140 | 186000 | 10.0° | Payware (LatinVFR), Freeware (AstorAST) |
| Airbus | A330 | -900neo | 251000 | 142 | 191000 | 10.0° | Payware (Aerosoft) |
| Airbus | A330-743L | Beluga XL | 227000 | 137 | 187000 | 10.0° | Default Std |
| Airbus | A350 | -1000 | 319000 | 147 | 236000 | 10.0° | Payware (iniBuilds) |
| Airbus | A350 | -900 | 280000 | 140 | 205000 | 10.0° | Payware (iniBuilds) |
| Boeing | 767 | -300ER | 186880 | 145 | 145149 | 8.0° | Payware (Captain Sim/ |
| Boeing | 767 | -400ER | 204116 | 150 | 158757 | 8.0° | Payware (Captain Sim) |
| Boeing | 777 | -200ER | 297557 | 140 | 213188 | 8.0° | Payware (PMDG) |
| Boeing | 777 | -200LR | 347451 | 138 | 223167 | 8.0° | Payware (PMDG) |
| Boeing | 777 | -300ER | 351535 | 149 | 251277 | 8.0° | Payware (PMDG/ |
| Boeing | 777F | Freighter | 347815 | 149 | 260554 | 8.0° | Payware (PMDG) |
| Boeing | 787 | -10 Dreamliner | 254000 | 157 | 201828 | 8.5° | Default Premium |
| Boeing | 787 | -8 | 227930 | 142 | 172365 | 8.5° | Payware (Bravo/ |
| Boeing | 787 | -9 | 254692 | 153 | 192776 | 8.5° | Payware (Bravo/ |
Representative airframes
Boeing 767, 777, 787 (all variants); Airbus A300, A310, A330ceo/neo, A350-900/-1000
Source
Boeing 777 AMM Ch.5-51-11; Airbus A330 AMM 05-51-11-200-802-A; 14 CFR 25.473
FAR 25.473 transport certification. Three-engine wide-bodies share the wide-body twins' curves and touchdown zone.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 120 | 100 |
| 173 | 90 |
| 253 | 75 |
| 360 | 55 |
| 467 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.22 | 90 |
| 1.41 | 75 |
| 1.65 | 55 |
| 1.89 | 35 |
| 2.2 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±0.7°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (2)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lockheed | L-1011 | TriStar | 231332 | 144 | 166922 | 9.0° | Payware (iniBuilds) |
| McDonnell Douglas | MD-11 | MD-11 and MD-11F (GE CF6 and PW4000) | 286000 | 152 | 207750 | 10.0° | Payware (Sky/ |
Representative airframes
McDonnell Douglas MD-11 and DC-10, Lockheed L-1011 TriStar
Source
As for the wide-body twins: Boeing 777 AMM Ch.5-51-11; Airbus A330 AMM 05-51-11-200-802-A; 14 CFR 25.473
FAR 25.473. Heaviest aircraft in the table. Gear designed for higher energy absorption. -300 fpm comfortably acceptable at MLW.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 120 | 100 |
| 173 | 90 |
| 253 | 75 |
| 360 | 55 |
| 467 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.22 | 90 |
| 1.41 | 75 |
| 1.65 | 55 |
| 1.89 | 35 |
| 2.2 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±0.7°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (13)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airbus | A340 | -200 | 275000 | 136 | 185000 | 9.5° | Payware (LatinVFR) |
| Airbus | A340 | -300 | 271000 | 138 | 190000 | 9.5° | Payware (LatinVFR/ |
| Airbus | A340 | -500 | 380000 | 146 | 246000 | 9.5° | Freeware (AstorAST) |
| Airbus | A340 | -600 | 380000 | 154 | 265000 | 9.5° | Payware (Aerosoft/ |
| Airbus | A380 | -800 | 575000 | 138 | 394000 | 10.0° | Freeware (FlyByWire A380X), Payware (Bredok3D) |
| Antonov | An-225 | Mriya | 640000 | 150 | 550000 | 10.0° | Default Aviator |
| Boeing | 747 | -100 | 333390 | 142 | 256177 | 11.0° | Not available for MSFS (announced by PMDG) |
| Boeing | 747 | -200 | 377840 | 152 | 285760 | 11.0° | Not available for MSFS (announced by PMDG) |
| Boeing | 747 | -400 | 396890 | 153 | 285761 | 11.0° | Payware (Salty/ |
| Boeing | 747 | -400 Global Supertanker | 396800 | 153 | 285696 | 11.0° | Default Premium |
| Boeing | 747 | -400 LCF Dreamlifter | 364235 | 155 | 295742 | 11.0° | Default Premium |
| Boeing | 747 | -8F | 447700 | 164 | 346117 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| Boeing | 747 | -8I (Intercontinental) | 447700 | 156 | 312092 | 11.0° | Default Std, Freeware (Salty Simulations) |
Representative airframes
Boeing 747-100/-200/-300/-400/-8I/-8F; Airbus A340-200/-300/-500/-600; Airbus A380-800; 707; An-225 Mriya
Source
Boeing 747 AMM Ch.5-51; Airbus A380 AMM Ch.05-51; 14 CFR 25.473
Higher Vref means more energy at touchdown, and each type was certified to its own special standard. Concorde's Vref is 163 kt at maximum landing weight.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 150 | 100 |
| 200 | 90 |
| 275 | 75 |
| 375 | 55 |
| 475 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.27 | 90 |
| 1.52 | 75 |
| 1.85 | 55 |
| 2.18 | 35 |
| 2.6 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.0°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (8)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAE | Concorde | Concorde 101/ |
185070 | 163 | 111130 | 11.0° | Payware (DC Designs) |
| Bell | X-1A | X-1A | 7478 | 160 | 3275 | 11.0° | Payware (MScenery) |
| Boom Supersonic | XB-1 | Demonstrator | 6123 | 170 | 4397 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| General Dynamics | F-111 | Aardvark | 45400 | 148 | 31751 | 11.0° | Payware (Golden Key) |
| Lockheed | A-12 | Archangel | 56518 | 175 | 31751 | 11.0° | Payware (KwikFlight) |
| Lockheed | F-104 | Starfighter | 13170 | 175 | 7257 | 11.0° | Payware (Sim Skunk Works) |
| MiG | MiG-25 | Foxbat | 36720 | 185 | 24000 | 11.0° | Payware (Golden Key) |
| Northrop | YF-23 | Black Widow II | 28124 | 155 | 23278 | 11.0° | Payware (Top Mach) |
Representative airframes
Concorde, Tu-144, Boom Overture (future)
Source
Concorde AOM; British Airways Concorde fleet manual
Land-based fighters use the descent-rate curve below. Carrier aircraft (A-6, F-14, F/A-18C and F/A-18E) are built for arrested landings at around 24 ft/s, so they're graded on a separate carrier curve that treats a firm touchdown as normal.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 200 | 100 |
| 267 | 90 |
| 367 | 75 |
| 500 | 55 |
| 633 | 35 |
| 800 | 10 |
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 200 | 100 |
| 600 | 100 |
| 1000 | 85 |
| 1400 | 65 |
| 1800 | 35 |
| 2200 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.26 | 90 |
| 1.49 | 75 |
| 1.8 | 55 |
| 2.11 | 35 |
| 2.5 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.0°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (27)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAe | Harrier II | AV-8B / |
14061 | 154 | 8391 | 15.0° | Payware (DC Designs) |
| Boeing | F/ |
Super Hornet | 29937 | 136 | 19958 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| Dassault | Mirage F1 | Mirage F1CR | 16200 | 151 | 8700 | 15.0° | Freeware (faf_Alex) |
| Dassault | Rafale | Rafale C / |
24500 | 120 | 11300 | 17.0° | Payware (CJ Simulations) |
| Eurofighter | Typhoon | EF-2000 | 23500 | 150 | 12300 | 16.0° | Payware (Bredok3D/ |
| Fairchild Republic | A-10 | Thunderbolt II | 20865 | 130 | 13608 | 15.0° | Default Std |
| Grumman | A-6 | Intruder | 27400 | 125 | 16329 | 15.0° | Payware (Deimos) |
| Grumman | F-14 | A/ |
33720 | 125 | 22680 | 14.0° | Payware (DC Designs/ |
| Lockheed | F-35 | Lightning II | 31800 | 150 | 15105 | 13.0° | Payware (IndiaFoxtEcho) |
| Lockheed Martin | F-16 | C/ |
21772 | 150 | 10796 | 15.0° | Payware (SC Designs) |
| Lockheed Martin | F-22 | Raptor | 38000 | 142 | 21636 | 14.0° | Payware (DC Designs/ |
| Lockheed Martin | F-35B | F-35B (STOVL) | 27216 | 157 | 16466 | 13.0° | Payware (IndiaFoxtEcho) |
| Lockheed Martin | F-35C | F-35C (carrier) | 31751 | 143 | 19414 | 13.0° | Payware (IndiaFoxtEcho) |
| McDonnell Douglas | A-4E | Skyhawk | 11113 | 125 | 6350 | 15.0° | Payware (Virtavia) |
| McDonnell Douglas | F-15 | C/ |
30845 | 150 | 17463 | 14.0° | Payware (DC Designs) |
| McDonnell Douglas | F-4 | Phantom | 26308 | 150 | 16783 | 15.0° | Payware (DC Designs) |
| McDonnell Douglas | F/ |
Hornet | 23541 | 135 | 14515 | 12.0° | Payware (DC Designs) |
| MiG | MiG-21bis | MiG-21bis (only variant modeled) | 9800 | 178 | 6800 | 15.0° | Payware (Golden Key) |
| MiG | MiG-29 | Fulcrum | 18000 | 140 | 12250 | 15.0° | Payware (Deimos) |
| North American | F-86 | Sabre | 9349 | 108 | 5833 | 15.0° | Payware (Shrike Simulations) |
| Northrop | F-5E | Tiger II | 11200 | 145 | 5307 | 15.0° | Payware (SC Designs/ |
| Panavia | Tornado | Tornado IDS (GR.1 and ECR exterior models) | 28000 | 145 | 17300 | 15.0° | Payware (IndiaFoxtEcho) |
| SEPECAT | Jaguar | GR.1 | 15700 | 148 | 8600 | 15.0° | Payware (AzurPoly) |
| Saab | JAS 39 Gripen | C | 14000 | 120 | 8000 | 15.0° | Payware (Deimos G39 Griffin) |
| Sukhoi | Su-27 | Flanker | 30450 | 140 | 19160 | 14.0° | Payware (DC Designs) |
| Sukhoi | Su-57 | Felon | 34000 | 128 | 20300 | 15.0° | Payware (Deimos) |
| Vought | F-8E | Crusader | 15422 | 131 | 9208 | 15.0° | Payware (R. Laborie) |
Representative airframes
F-14 Tomcat, F-15, F-16, F/A-18, F-22, F-35, MiG-21/29, Su-27/57, Eurofighter, Rafale, F-104, A-10, Harrier, Tornado
Source
USN NATOPS manuals; USAF -1 manuals; Heatblur F-14 documentation
Military trainer cert (US: MIL-A-8862 + MIL-STD-1797). Generally similar performance to mid-biz-jets in landing.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 200 | 100 |
| 267 | 90 |
| 367 | 75 |
| 500 | 55 |
| 633 | 35 |
| 800 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.2 | 90 |
| 1.35 | 75 |
| 1.55 | 55 |
| 1.75 | 35 |
| 2.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.0°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (14)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aermacchi | M-346 | Master | 9500 | 120 | 6095 | 12.0° | Payware (IndiaFoxtEcho) |
| Aermacchi | MB-339 | MB-339A and MB-339PAN (MLU) | 5900 | 115 | 3582 | 12.0° | Payware (IndiaFoxtEcho) |
| Aero Vodochody | L-39 | Albatros | 4700 | 115 | 4600 | 12.0° | Default Std |
| BAE Systems | Hawk | T1/ |
5700 | 120 | 4830 | 12.0° | Payware (Just Flight) |
| Boeing | T-45C | Goshawk | 6387 | 125 | 5987 | 12.0° | Payware (IndiaFoxtEcho) |
| Boeing | T-7A | Red Hawk | 9979 | 150 | 9386 | 12.0° | Payware (Top Mach) |
| Cessna | T-37 | Tweet | 3005 | 100 | 2722 | 12.0° | Freeware (VrilleAPlat) |
| De Havilland | Vampire | DH-100 | 5620 | 95 | 4790 | 12.0° | Payware (SwissMilSim) |
| De Havilland | Venom | DH-112 | 6985 | 105 | 4853 | 12.0° | Payware (SwissMilSim) |
| Fouga | CM.170 | CM.170-1 (Marboré II) | 3400 | 100 | 2700 | 12.0° | Payware (AzurPoly) |
| Hawker | Hunter | Mk.58 | 11340 | 135 | 7508 | 12.0° | Payware (SwissMilSim) |
| Lockheed | T-33 | T-33A (Allison J33) | 6804 | 110 | 5443 | 12.0° | Payware (iniBuilds) |
| MiG | MiG-15bis | MiG-15bis | 6045 | 130 | 4021 | 12.0° | Payware (Bear Studio) |
| Northrop | T-38A | Talon | 5485 | 155 | 4173 | 12.0° | Payware (Blackbird) |
Representative airframes
L-39 Albatros, BAe Hawk T1, T-45 Goshawk, T-7 Red Hawk, MB-339, M-346, T-6 Texan II, PC-21, T-38
Source
USAF / RAF / NATO trainer manuals
Designed for tactical landings on unprepared strips. Gear absorbs much higher rates than commercial standards. C-17 cert to ~14 ft/s = 840 fpm.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 200 | 100 |
| 278 | 90 |
| 394 | 75 |
| 550 | 55 |
| 706 | 35 |
| 900 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.2 | 90 |
| 1.35 | 75 |
| 1.55 | 55 |
| 1.75 | 35 |
| 2.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.0°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (9)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airbus | A400M | Atlas | 137500 | 127 | 121500 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| Boeing | C-17 | Globemaster III | 265352 | 150 | 227749 | 11.0° | Default Premium |
| Boeing | KC-135 | Stratotanker | 146284 | 146 | 81647 | 11.0° | Freeware (Delta Simulations), Freeware (fafa_2021) |
| Boeing | KC-46 | Pegasus | 188241 | 131 | 119500 | 11.0° | Payware (Captain Sim) |
| Lockheed | C-130E | Hercules | 70307 | 117 | 58967 | 11.0° | Payware (Captain Sim/ |
| Lockheed Martin | AC-130J | Ghostrider | 74389 | 128 | 58967 | 11.0° | Payware (Captain Sim) |
| Lockheed Martin | C-130J | Super Hercules | 70307 | 128 | 58967 | 11.0° | Payware (Blackbird) |
| Lockheed Martin | C-5M | Super Galaxy | 381018 | 135 | 288417 | 11.0° | Not available for MSFS |
| Transall | C-160 | C-160R / |
51000 | 125 | 47000 | 11.0° | Payware (AzurPoly) |
Representative airframes
C-130 Hercules, C-17 Globemaster III, C-5 Galaxy, A400M, KC-46, KC-135, C-141, C-27, IL-76
Source
Lockheed C-130 / Boeing C-17 -1 manuals; Airbus A400M AOM
Heavy aircraft with rugged gear. Similar landing energy to wide-body airliners.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 200 | 100 |
| 244 | 90 |
| 311 | 75 |
| 400 | 55 |
| 489 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.2 | 90 |
| 1.35 | 75 |
| 1.55 | 55 |
| 1.75 | 35 |
| 2.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.0°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (4)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avro | Vulcan | B Mk.2 | 92533 | 140 | 68039 | 9.0° | Payware (Just Flight) |
| Boeing | B-52 | Stratofortress | 221353 | 130 | 113398 | 9.0° | Payware (Golden Key/ |
| Northrop | B-2 | Spirit | 152634 | 140 | 79617 | 9.0° | Payware (KwikFlight/ |
| Rockwell | B-1B | Lancer | 216365 | 150 | 107657 | 9.0° | Payware (KwikFlight/ |
Representative airframes
B-1B Lancer, B-2 Spirit, B-52 Stratofortress, Avro Vulcan, Tu-95 Bear, Tu-160 Blackjack
Source
USAF -1 manuals (B-1B, B-52); Avro Vulcan AOM
Tailwheel + high-energy approaches. Pre-modern cert. Wheel-landing target near zero; three-point ~50-150 fpm.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 75 | 100 |
| 144 | 90 |
| 249 | 75 |
| 388 | 55 |
| 526 | 35 |
| 700 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.26 | 90 |
| 1.49 | 75 |
| 1.8 | 55 |
| 2.11 | 35 |
| 2.5 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.5°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (25)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boeing | P-26A | Peashooter | 1366 | 84 | 1366 | 13.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation | CA-13 | Boomerang | 3742 | 95 | 3742 | 13.0° | Payware (iniBuilds) |
| Curtiss | P-40 | B/ |
3955 | 98 | 3955 | 13.0° | Payware (Big Radials/ |
| Fieseler | Fi 156 | Storch | 1320 | 49 | 1320 | 13.0° | Freeware (Flyndive) |
| Focke-Wulf | FW 190A-8 | Würger | 4300 | 116 | 3800 | 13.0° | Payware (FlyingIron) |
| Fokker | Dr.I | Dr.I | 571 | 50 | 571 | 13.0° | Freeware (Got Friends) |
| Grumman | F3F-2 | F3F-2 | 2096 | 75 | 2096 | 13.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| Grumman | F4F | Wildcat | 3617 | 90 | 3617 | 13.0° | Payware (Got Friends) |
| Grumman | F6F | Hellcat | 6940 | 107 | 6804 | 13.0° | Payware (FlyingIron) |
| Grumman | F7F-3 | Tigercat | 11666 | 100 | 9752 | 13.0° | Payware (Virtavia) |
| Grumman | TBF | Avenger | 7876 | 95 | 7876 | 13.0° | Payware (Big Radials/ |
| Hawker | Hurricane | Mk1 | 3081 | 74 | 3081 | 13.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| Hawker | Nimrod / |
Nimrod Mk II and Fury Mk I | 1931 | 70 | 1931 | 13.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| Messerschmitt | Bf 109 | G-6 | 3200 | 103 | 3200 | 13.0° | Payware (FlyingIron) |
| Mitsubishi | A6M2/ |
Zero | 2733 | 74 | 2520 | 13.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| North American | P-51 | D Mustang | 5579 | 104 | 4082 | 13.0° | Default Std |
| North American | T-6 | Texan | 2404 | 78 | 2404 | 13.0° | Default Std |
| Republic | P-47D | Thunderbolt | 7938 | 102 | 6001 | 13.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| Saab | 17B | B 17A | 3870 | 81 | 3870 | 13.0° | Default Aviator |
| Sopwith | Camel | F.1 | 659 | 54 | 659 | 13.0° | Payware (Captain Sim) |
| Supermarine | Spitfire | Mk.IXc | 3379 | 82 | 3379 | 12.5° | Payware (FlyingIron) |
| Supermarine | Spitfire | Mk.V | 3039 | 74 | 3039 | 12.5° | Payware (Flight Replicas) |
| Supermarine | Spitfire | Mk1A / |
2800 | 74 | 2800 | 12.5° | Payware (Flight Replicas/ |
| Vought | F4U/ |
Corsair | 6539 | 99 | 5522 | 13.0° | Payware (Milviz) |
| Yakovlev | Yak-9 | Frank | 3095 | 99 | 3095 | 13.0° | Payware (Deimos) |
Representative airframes
T-6 Texan, Spitfire Mk.IX, P-51 Mustang, Hurricane, Bf-109, A6M Zero, FW-190, Hawker Fury
Source
P-51D-5 Pilot's Flight Operating Instructions (1944); RAF Pilot's Notes Spitfire IX (AP 1565J); warbird pilot training material
Robust gear, more energy, original WW2 specs. Treat similar to early FAR 25 transport.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 150 | 100 |
| 200 | 90 |
| 275 | 75 |
| 375 | 55 |
| 475 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.2 | 90 |
| 1.35 | 75 |
| 1.55 | 55 |
| 1.75 | 35 |
| 2.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.5°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (13)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avro | Lancaster | B.I (Merlin XX), incl. 'Dambuster' and H2S versions | 30844 | 105 | 24948 | 9.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| Boeing | B-17 | Flying Fortress | 29257 | 96 | 22680 | 9.0° | Payware (MicroProse), Freeware (folcorrr) |
| Boeing | B-29 | Superfortress | 61235 | 110 | 40823 | 9.0° | Not available for MSFS |
| Canadair | CL-215 | CL-215-1A10 (piston) | 19731 | 86 | 15604 | 9.0° | Payware (R. Laborie) |
| Consolidated | PBY-5A | Catalina / |
13835 | 90 | 12701 | 9.0° | Freeware (LaGaffe/ |
| Curtiss | C-46 | Commando | 22680 | 87 | 18144 | 9.0° | Default Aviator |
| De Havilland | DH-98 | Mosquito Mk IV | 9735 | 109 | 7711 | 9.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
| De Havilland Canada | DHC-4 | Caribou | 12927 | 77 | 12927 | 9.0° | Default Aviator |
| Douglas | A-1 | Skyraider | 11340 | 90 | 7711 | 9.0° | Payware (Miltech/ |
| Focke-Wulf | FW 200 | Condor | 14569 | 82 | 14569 | 9.0° | Default Aviator |
| Heinkel | He 111 | He 111 H (sub-type not stated) | 14000 | 91 | 14000 | 9.0° | Payware (Captain Sim) |
| Lockheed | P-38L | Lightning | 9798 | 91 | 7031 | 9.0° | Payware (FlyingIron) |
| North American | B-25J | Mitchell | 15876 | 113 | 14651 | 9.0° | Payware (Aeroplane Heaven) |
Representative airframes
B-17 Flying Fortress, B-25 Mitchell, Avro Lancaster, DH Mosquito, P-38 Lightning, FW 200 Condor
Source
B-17 Pilot's Flight Manual; AAF Pilot Training; warbird operator handbooks
Pre-modern certification, and mostly light aircraft with fragile gear, so they're scored on the same curves as light single-engine aircraft.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 60 | 100 |
| 120 | 90 |
| 210 | 75 |
| 330 | 55 |
| 450 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.2 | 90 |
| 1.35 | 75 |
| 1.55 | 55 |
| 1.75 | 35 |
| 2.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.5°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (30)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antonov | An-2 | An-2 (ASh-62; wheels, skis, An-2V floats) | 5500 | 69 | 5500 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Beechcraft | Model 17 | Staggerwing | 1928 | 68 | 1928 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Beechcraft | Model 18 | Twin Beech | 3969 | 87 | 3969 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Boeing | 247D | 247D | 6192 | 70 | 6192 | 11.0° | Payware (Wing42) |
| Boeing | 307 | Stratoliner | 20412 | 76 | 19051 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Boeing | 314 | Clipper | 38102 | 90 | 38102 | 11.0° | Payware (PILOT'S) |
| Caudron | Rafale 430 | C.430 Rafale | 820 | 67 | 820 | 11.0° | Payware (BlueMesh) |
| Curtiss | JN-4 | Jenny | 871 | 52 | 871 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| De Havilland | DH-89 | Dragon Rapide | 2495 | 67 | 2495 | 11.0° | Payware (Flight Replicas) |
| Dornier | Do J | Wal | 8000 | 75 | 8000 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Dornier | Do X | Do X1a (Curtiss V-1570 Conqueror) | 51300 | 81 | 51300 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Douglas | C-47D | Skytrain | 14061 | 69 | 12111 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Douglas | C-54/ |
Skymaster | 33112 | 95 | 28803 | 11.0° | Freeware (Flight Replicas) |
| Douglas | DC-3 | DC-3A (P&W R-1830 Twin Wasp) | 11431 | 68 | 11431 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| Douglas | DC-6 | DC-6A and DC-6B | 48535 | 106 | 40007 | 11.0° | Payware (PMDG) |
| Fokker | F.VII | F.VIIb/ |
5300 | 60 | 5300 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Ford | 4AT | Trimotor | 4595 | 64 | 4595 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Granville | Gee Bee R2/ |
Model Z and Model R-2 Super Sportster (R-985) | 1395 | 102 | 1395 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Grumman | J2F | Duck | 3493 | 79 | 3493 | 11.0° | Freeware (Flyndive) |
| Hughes Aircraft | H-4 | Hercules (Spruce Goose) | 181440 | 98 | 181437 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| Junkers | F13 | F 13 replica (P&W R-985 Wasp Junior) | 2000 | 62 | 2000 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Junkers | Ju 52 | Ju 52/ |
10500 | 74 | 10500 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Klemm | L25 | L 25 d VII R (D-EJOL) | 720 | 42 | 720 | 11.0° | Payware (Classics Hangar) |
| Latécoère | 631 | 631 (Wright GR-2600-A5B) | 75000 | 110 | 75000 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Lockheed | L-1049 | Super Constellation | 62370 | 114 | 51256 | 11.0° | Payware (Red Wing) |
| Ryan | NYP | Spirit of St. Louis | 2329 | 80 | 2329 | 11.0° | Default Std |
| Savoia-Marchetti | S.55 | S.55 (Asso 500) and S.55X (Asso 750) | 8260 | 74 | 8260 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Spartan | 7W Executive | 7W | 1996 | 68 | 1996 | 11.0° | Payware (iniBuilds) |
| Waco | CG-4A | CG-4A | 3402 | 59 | 3402 | 11.0° | Default Aviator |
| Wright Cycle Co. | Wright Flyer | 1903 Flyer | 338 | 27 | 338 | 11.0° | Default Std |
Representative airframes
Wright Flyer, Curtiss Jenny JN-4, Spirit of St. Louis, Junkers F13, Ju 52, Ford Trimotor, DC-3, Gee Bee racers, Stearman PT-17, Bucker Jungmann
Source
Period pilot training manuals; restoration operator handbooks
Single-wheel landing. Energy management is the primary skill. Touchdown sink very low (<50 fpm typical).
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 100 | 100 |
| 156 | 90 |
| 239 | 75 |
| 350 | 55 |
| 461 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.18 | 90 |
| 1.29 | 75 |
| 1.45 | 55 |
| 1.61 | 35 |
| 1.8 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.5°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Aircraft in this category (8)
Vref is the threshold speed at the reference weight shown, usually the maximum landing weight. Roundout adjusts it to the weight you actually land at.
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DG Aviation | DG-1001E | neo (20 m span, FES electric sustainer) | 790 | 54 | 697 | 14.0° | Default Std |
| DG Aviation | DG-808S | DG-808 S (18 m, FSX-based freeware) | 600 | 52 | 393 | 14.0° | Payware (Touching Cloud) |
| DG Aviation | LS8-18 | LS8-18 (18 m with winglets) | 525 | 51 | 380 | 14.0° | Default Std |
| Pipistrel | Taurus | M | 472 | 50 | 472 | 14.0° | Default Premium |
| Schempp-Hirth | Discus-2c | Discus-2c 18 m (and FES) | 565 | 52 | 390 | 14.0° | Payware (Got Friends) |
| Schleicher | AS 33 Me | AS 33 Me (15 m and 18 m) | 600 | 54 | 525 | 14.0° | Payware (Got Friends) |
| Schleicher | ASK 21 | ASK 21 (unpowered original) | 600 | 49 | 470 | 14.0° | Payware (F7 Simulations) |
| Stemme | S12G | S12-G (S12, 25 m, G3X) | 900 | 59 | 900 | 14.0° | Default Std |
Representative airframes
DG-1001E, ASK-21, Discus-2c, AS 33 Me, DG-808S, LS8-18, Stemme S12G
Source
Glider POHs (DG-1001 Flight Manual; ASK-21 Flight Manual); FAA Glider Flying Handbook
Scored on the rate of descent at touchdown against the rotorcraft curve, which rewards settling on gently, instead of the fixed-wing descent-rate curve. There's no tail-strike check and no approach-speed target. Hover precision, drift at touchdown and autorotations aren't graded yet.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 100 | 100 |
| 156 | 90 |
| 239 | 75 |
| 350 | 55 |
| 461 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.2 | 100 |
| 1.4 | 85 |
| 1.6 | 65 |
| 2.0 | 40 |
| 3.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
Aircraft in this category (40)
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aerospatiale | Alouette III | SA 316B (Artouste IIIB) | 2200 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Taog's) |
| Aerospatiale | SA 341 | Gazelle | 1800 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (FlyInside) |
| Aerospatiale | SA315B | Lama | 1950 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Taog's) |
| Airbus Helicopters | H125 | H125 (AS350 B3e) | 2250 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Std |
| Airbus Helicopters | H130/ |
H130 (EC130 T2) | 2500 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Cowan) |
| Airbus Helicopters | H135 | H135 (EC135 T3/ |
2980 | Not set | Not set | No check | Freeware (HPG H135) |
| Airbus Helicopters | H145 | H145 (BK117 D-2, four-blade) | 3700 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (HPG) |
| Airbus Helicopters | H160 | H160-B (Civilian and Luxury cabins) | 6050 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (HPG) |
| Airbus Helicopters | H225 | H225 (EC225 LP), civil and SAR | 11000 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Premium |
| Bell | 206B3 | JetRanger | 1451 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Cowan) |
| Bell | 206L3 | LongRanger | 1882 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Cowan) |
| Bell | 222B | 222B (Executive and HEMS configs) | 3742 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Cowan) |
| Bell | 407 | 407 | 2268 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Std |
| Bell | 429 | 429 GlobalRanger | 3175 | Not set | Not set | No check | Freeware (jXt Simulations) |
| Bell | 47J | Ranger | 1293 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Aviator |
| Bell | AH-1Z | Viper | 8391 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (KwikFlight) |
| Bell | UH-1H | Huey | 4309 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Taog's) |
| Boeing | AH-64D | Apache | 9190 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (MScenery) |
| Boeing | CH-47D | Chinook | 22680 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Premium |
| Erickson | S-64F | Aircrane | 21319 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Std |
| Eurocopter | EC135 | T1 (Turbomeca Arrius 2B1A1) | 2720 | Not set | Not set | No check | Free Marketplace (Microsoft EC135, Local Legend 21) |
| Guimbal | Cabri | G2 | 700 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Std |
| Hiller | UH-12B | UH-12B (H-23B) | 1134 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Nemeth) |
| Hughes | OH-6A/ |
Cayuse | 1157 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Taog's) |
| Kamov | Ka-10 | Ka-10M (twin-fin 1954 version) | 390 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Touching Cloud) |
| MBB | Bo 105 | Bo 105 CB/ |
2500 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Stratoware/ |
| MD Helicopters | MD 530F | 369FF | 1519 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Shrike Simulations) |
| Magni Gyro | M-24 | Orion | 550 | 51 | 550 | No check | Default Std |
| McDonnell Douglas | MD 500E | MD 500E (369E) | 1361 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Cowan Simulation) |
| Mil | Mi-2 | Hoplite | 3550 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Digital Aero) |
| Robinson | R22 | R22 Beta II | 621 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Cowan) |
| Robinson | R44 | R44 Raven II | 1134 | Not set | Not set | No check | Freeware (RotorSimPilot) |
| Robinson | R66 | R66 Turbine | 1225 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Std |
| Schweizer | 300/ |
300CBi (Nemeth); 300, sub-model not stated (MScenery) | 794 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (MScenery/ |
| Sikorsky | MH-60 | MH-60S, MH-60R and MH-60T | 10659 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Miltech) |
| Sikorsky | S-76 | S-76, sub-model not stated (MScenery) | 5307 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (MScenery) |
| Sikorsky | S-76C++ | S-76C++ | 5307 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Cowan) |
| Sikorsky | UH-60M | Blackhawk | 9979 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Delta Sim) |
| Westland | Scout | AH.1 | 2404 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Aviator |
| Westland | Wasp | HAS.1 | 2495 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Aviator |
Representative airframes
Robinson R22/R44/R66, Bell 206/407/UH-1, H125/H145/H160/H225, AH-64, Mi-8, S-76, Chinook
Source
14 CFR 27.725; Robinson R44 and Bell 407 maintenance manuals (hard-landing inspection)
Graded like helicopters: the rate of descent at touchdown against the rotorcraft curve, with no tail-strike check and no approach-speed target. There's no certified standard for these aircraft yet, so the curve follows the helicopter one.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 100 | 100 |
| 156 | 90 |
| 239 | 75 |
| 350 | 55 |
| 461 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.2 | 100 |
| 1.4 | 85 |
| 1.6 | 65 |
| 2.0 | 40 |
| 3.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
Aircraft in this category (6)
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Archer | Midnight | Midnight (Model M001, development version) | 2948 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Std |
| Bell | V-22/ |
Osprey | 25855 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Miltech) |
| Dornier | Do 31 | Do 31 E3 (VTOL prototype) | 27442 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Aviator |
| Jetson | Jetson One | Jetson ONE (only version) | 210 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Std |
| Joby Aviation | S4 | S4 (JAS4-1, development version) | 2177 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Std |
| Volocopter | VoloCity | VoloCity (only version) | 900 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Std |
Representative airframes
Joby S4, Archer Midnight, Volocopter VoloCity, Jetson One, Bell V-22 Osprey (tiltrotor), Dornier Do 31
Source
14 CFR 27.725 and EASA SC-VTOL-01 as the nearest standards
Basket landings have no approach speed, glide path or pitch attitude to judge, so there's no tail-strike check and no approach-speed target. The descent-rate curve rewards a gentle touchdown, around 100 fpm by the book.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 100 | 100 |
| 156 | 90 |
| 239 | 75 |
| 350 | 55 |
| 461 | 35 |
| 600 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 100 |
| 1.2 | 90 |
| 1.35 | 75 |
| 1.55 | 55 |
| 1.75 | 35 |
| 2.0 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
Aircraft in this category (5)
| Manufacturer | Model | Variant | MTOW (kg) | Vref (kt) | Ref. weight (kg) | Tail strike | MSFS source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airship Industries | Skyship 600 | Skyship 600 | 7100 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Std |
| Cameron Balloons | Z-90 | Z-90 | 816 | Not set | Not set | No check | Not available for MSFS |
| FlyDoo | Hot Air Balloon | FlyDoo | 600 | Not set | Not set | No check | Default Std |
| Lindstrand | 90A | LBL 90A | 900 | Not set | Not set | No check | Not available for MSFS |
| Luftschiffbau Zeppelin | LZ 129 | Hindenburg | 214522 | Not set | Not set | No check | Payware (Red Wing Simulations) |
Representative airframes
Cameron Z-90, Lindstrand 90A, FlyDoo Hot Air Balloon, Ultramagic balloons
Source
FAA-H-8083-11B Balloon Flying Handbook
Used when Roundout can't recognize the aircraft from its title. A middle-ground set of curves between light twins and narrow-body airliners, and no Vref, so an unrecognized aircraft is never judged against another aircraft's speed.
| At (fpm) | Score |
|---|---|
| 100 | 100 |
| 200 | 90 |
| 300 | 75 |
| 450 | 55 |
| 600 | 35 |
| 800 | 10 |
| At (G) | Score |
|---|---|
| 1.21 | 100 |
| 1.42 | 85 |
| 1.59 | 65 |
| 1.7 | 40 |
| 1.98 | 10 |
Scores fall in a straight line between these points, and hold the first and last points' scores beyond them.
This table lists ±1.0°, but every category is held at a ±1.5° floor. Tighter values sat below the measurement's own noise and failed correctly flown approaches, autolands among them.
Representative airframes
Any aircraft Roundout can't match to a profile or category by its title.
Source
Roundout (interpolated between the light-twin and narrow-body curves)
Helicopters, eVTOLs and tiltrotors are graded on the rate of descent at touchdown against the rotorcraft curve in their category, not the fixed-wing descent-rate curve, and they have no tail-strike check or approach-speed target. What makes a good helicopter arrival beyond that (hover precision, drift at touchdown, autorotations) isn't graded yet; dedicated rotorcraft scoring is on the roadmap.
Gliders are graded like any fixed-wing aircraft, on the glider category's own curves and touchdown zone.
Hot-air balloons and airships (Cameron Z-90, Lindstrand 90A, FlyDoo, Ultramagic, Skyship 600 and the Hindenburg) are graded on their category's descent-rate and G-force curves, which reward a gentle basket touchdown, with no tail-strike check or approach-speed target.
Sign in to your Roundout account. The rows below are the portal's main pages, plus your public profile and the leaderboards, which are public pages.
Overview /portal/
Your latest landing, your licence and its PCs, the latest version, your open requests, and the five newest things that happened on your account, each a link to the licence, request, PC or order it names. All activity opens the rest, at /portal/activity/. Until your first landing it shows four steps instead: buy a licence, download the installer, open Roundout and paste your key, land in the sim.
Landings /portal/landings/
A web copy of the desktop logbook, filtered by aircraft, airport and grade, with Export CSV and Export JSON. Each landing has a short address of its own (for example /portal/landings/K7M9XPQ4/) that only you can open; Create share link on a landing makes a public link to it.
Statistics /portal/landings/stats/
Your average score, grade distribution, A+ share by week and month, average score by month, and your most flown aircraft and most visited airports.
Achievements /portal/landings/achievements/
Achievements across ten categories (Quality, Weather, Consistency, Milestones, Exploration, Technique, Procedures, Airports, Special, Fun) plus Aircraft Mastery: a ladder of five tiers for each aircraft family, its variants counting together, Familiar (10), Practiced (25), Proficient (100), Expert (300) and Mastered (1,000).
Debrief /portal/debrief/
A post-flight review with another pilot, instructor or mentor. The reviewer starts a debrief with your email; once you accept, they can read your synced landings, leave notes on each landing and message you in a thread. Either side can close it at any time, and the reviewer's access ends immediately.
Licences /portal/licenses/
Every licence on your account, its key (Reveal and Copy) and the PCs it runs on. Open one with Manage to rename or deactivate a PC, replace the key (at most 2 times a calendar month) or ask to transfer it. See your licence below.
Downloads /portal/downloads/
The latest Roundout installer with its checksum and release notes; downloading needs an active licence. Each click on Download makes a link that works for 10 minutes, and clicking again in that time reuses it. You can make 2 new links an hour and 5 in 24 hours, and an internet address 10 an hour. With none left the button is off and counts down to the next one. Every release, under the notes, opens the notes for every version; so does the Changelog, under Explore. Older installers aren't listed, because Roundout offers each update in the app.
Billing /portal/billing/
Every order with its date, total and status. Open an order to see how you paid and the licence it issued, open the receipt to print it, download the Paddle tax invoice, have the licence email sent again, or request a refund within 14 days. See refunds and receipts below.
Support /portal/support/
Open a request from the portal: write a subject and message, and if you like pick a category and a licence and attach files. Each request has a number that starts with R- (F- on an older one), and replies thread on its page. You can also email support@roundout.io; it reaches the same team, but only portal requests are tracked here.
Public profile /p/<handle>/
Off by default. Turn it on in PortalSettingsProfile. Optionally claim a public handle; otherwise the address uses your pilot ID.
Leaderboards /leaderboards/
Global all-time, monthly and per aircraft, ranked by A+ percentage with at least 10 landings in scope. Appearing is opt-in on top of a public profile and needs a public handle. An aircraft gets its own board once 5 pilots qualify. Refreshed daily.
Sign in with your email and password at roundout.io/accounts/login/. You can also sign in with Google or Microsoft: PortalSettingsConnections connects or removes either one, and removing one never deletes your account, your licences or your landings. To turn on two-step sign-in:
A passkey is a sign-in of its own. Add one in PortalSettingsSecurityPasskeys with Add a passkey: your browser asks to register Windows Hello, Touch ID or a security key. Signing in with a passkey replaces both your password and the authenticator code. After a password and code you can also tick Remember this device for 30 days, so that browser skips the code.
PortalSettingsEmail shows the email on file and lets you change it. The change sends a verification code to both the old and the new address, and you confirm both before it takes effect, so a stale or hijacked inbox alone can't take over the account. If you sign in only with Google or Microsoft, set a password first.
PortalSettingsSessions lists the browsers signed in to your account, with the browser and system, place, IP address and last-seen time. Sign out any other browser, or all of them with Sign out everywhere else. The page also lists the browsers that skip two-step sign-in, and your sign-in history.
PortalSettingsNotifications has a switch for each optional email: Support replies, Licence changes, Licence end reminders, PC seat warnings, New sign-in alerts, the five Debrief emails, and Product updates (off until you turn it on). Security mail and order emails, such as your licence email and receipt, always go out. So does mail about a revoked, refunded or transferred licence, and a notice we send to every licence holder.
PortalSettingsAccountExport my data downloads a JSON archive of your account, licences (with their PCs and history), orders, sign-in history, support requests, notification choices and a summary of every synced landing. For the landings themselves in full, use Export CSV or Export JSON on the Landings page, and Approach trace, CSV on a landing's own page for its trace.
PortalSettingsAccountDelete my account deletes your account, profile, synced landings, achievements, leaderboard entries, debriefs and notification preferences, and signs out your PCs. Your licences are detached rather than deleted, so a key stays valid and can be claimed again; orders are kept for tax records. The landing database on your PC is unaffected. That copy is yours.
Your licence covers up to 2 PCs at a time. Swap freely between them.
Reinstalling Roundout on the same Windows user account does not use a new seat. A Windows reset, a full PC swap, or a new Windows user account counts as a new PC.
Our team can pause Roundout on one PC of a licence while we look into a problem with it, and only we can start it again: contact support. The PC keeps its place on the licence and keeps its landings, which don't sync until we start it again. The banner in the app says Roundout support has paused this PC at its next check, within about 6 hours, or at Check now. While it's paused:
Use this when you suspect your key has been shared, leaked, or written somewhere it shouldn't be. It isn't offered while a PC on the licence is paused. Open the licence in PortalLicences and click Replace the key:
Capped at 2 replacements per calendar month per licence. Contact support if you need another in the same month.
Gift your licence, or hand it off if you sold the PC it ran on. Open the licence in PortalLicences and click Request a transfer:
Licence keys may not be shared, sold, lent or otherwise passed on outside this flow.
Your key belongs to your Roundout account, not to the email it came in. Sign in at roundout.io and open PortalLicences; click Reveal or Copy.
If you bought under a different email and can't reach it, email support@roundout.io with your order number. We'll move the licence to a new account.
If you suspect someone else has the key, replace it: the old key stops working the moment you do.
A licence is revoked when we start the refund: see what happens to a refund. It also stops when a bank decides a payment dispute in the buyer's favour. Either way every PC on it is signed out. The next time Roundout starts, it asks for a key once it's online, so it records no new landings, and this one no longer starts it (A refund on this licence stopped it, in the app). Your landings stay in their file on your PC, and the ones already synced stay in your account, where you can still export them. To pick up where you left off, buy again from the pricing page; you'll receive a brand-new key.
Paddle is the merchant of record for every order on roundout.io. Bought your key from a reseller? Its receipt and any refund come from the reseller.
A 14-day refund window, no questions asked. Two ways to ask:
We confirm receipt within one business day. Past the 14-day window, refunds are at our discretion, so write to us anyway. The full text is in the refund policy.
Your request changes nothing by itself. Your licence keeps working until we start the refund. Then:
Every order has a receipt page (open the order in PortalBilling, click Open the receipt, then Print or save as PDF) and a Paddle tax invoice (Download tax invoice (Paddle), on the same page) for VAT or sales-tax records. Send it again re-sends the licence email with your key and the receipt details, once an hour at most.
ATC RUNWAY DESIGNATOR SimVar is often empty for parallel runways. Roundout takes the side from the sim's own runway data, or from the bundled airport database using your touchdown position, so a bare “15” should only appear on a very old version. Check yours in SettingsHelp and updates and update from there.
Roundout.exe (in C:\Program Files\Roundout, or in C:\Program Files\FLARE if you updated from FLARE, since an update stays in its folder). The small FLARE.App.exe beside it only opens Roundout from old shortcuts. SimConnect is part of MSFS 2024, and Roundout brings the small library it needs, so there is nothing else to install.Pick whichever way suits you. We usually reply within one business day.
T-. Signed in, it goes on your account and we reply to your account's address.Contact formA faster reply comes with these.
RO-XXXXXX, or FL-XXXXXX for an order before the rename) from your receipt or PortalBillingwinver)For privacy or data-protection requests, write to privacy@roundout.io.